महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-288, verse-45

भीष्म उवाच ।
संवाद इत्ययं श्रेष्ठः साध्यानां परिकीर्तितः ।
क्षेत्रं वै कर्मणां योनिः सद्भावः सत्यमुच्यते ॥४५॥

45. bhīṣma uvāca ,
saṁvāda ityayaṁ śreṣṭhaḥ sādhyānāṁ parikīrtitaḥ ,
kṣetraṁ vai karmaṇāṁ yoniḥ sadbhāvaḥ satyamucyate.

45. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca saṃvādaḥ iti ayam śreṣṭhaḥ sādhyānām parikīrtitaḥ
kṣetram vai karmaṇām yoniḥ sadbhāvaḥ satyam ucyate

45. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca ayam saṃvādaḥ iti sādhyānām śreṣṭhaḥ parikīrtitaḥ
kṣetram vai karmaṇām yoniḥ sadbhāvaḥ satyam ucyate

45. Bhishma said: This dialogue (saṃvāda) is declared to be the most excellent among the Sādhyas (celestial beings). The physical body (kṣetram) is indeed the source (yoniḥ) of all actions (karma). Righteousness (sadbhāvaḥ) is said to be truth (satyam).

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma, the speaker (Bhishma (a proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• संवादः (saṁvādaḥ) - dialogue, discourse, conversation

• इति (iti) - marks a quote or reference, 'this, by way of being' (thus, so, in this way)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (masculine singular nominative)

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, most excellent, superior

• साध्यानाम् (sādhyānām) - referring to the Sādhyas, a specific class of celestial beings (of the Sādhyas (a class of celestial beings), of those to be accomplished/perfected)

• परिकीर्तितः (parikīrtitaḥ) - proclaimed, declared, celebrated

• क्षेत्रम् (kṣetram) - the physical body, considered as the field of action (field, ground, place, body)

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

• कर्मणाम् (karmaṇām) - of actions, of karma

• योनिः (yoniḥ) - source, origin, womb, place of birth

• सद्भावः (sadbhāvaḥ) - righteousness, virtuous nature (goodness, reality, existence, virtuous state)

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, reality

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is declared, is called

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma, the speaker (Bhishma (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - terrible, formidable; Bhishma (a character in the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of √vac

Perfect tense (Liṭ), 3rd person singular, active voice (Parasmaipada)

Root: vac (class 2)

संवादः (saṁvādaḥ) - dialogue, discourse, conversation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃvāda

saṁvāda - dialogue, conversation, discourse, agreement

from sam- (together) + √vad (to speak)

Prefix: sam

Root: vad (class 1)

इति (iti) - marks a quote or reference, 'this, by way of being' (thus, so, in this way)

(indeclinable)

अयम् (ayam) - this (masculine singular nominative)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, these

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, most excellent, superior

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, chief, principal

superlative of praśasya (praiseworthy)

साध्यानाम् (sādhyānām) - referring to the Sādhyas, a specific class of celestial beings (of the Sādhyas (a class of celestial beings), of those to be accomplished/perfected)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sādhya

sādhya - to be accomplished, practicable, attainable; a class of celestial beings (Sādhyas)

Gerundive

from √sādh (to accomplish, effect) + -ya

Root: sādh (class 5)

परिकीर्तितः (parikīrtitaḥ) - proclaimed, declared, celebrated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parikīrtita

parikīrtita - proclaimed, celebrated, famous, declared

Past Passive Participle

from pari- (around) + √kīrt (to mention, proclaim)

Prefix: pari

Root: kīrt (class 10)

क्षेत्रम् (kṣetram) - the physical body, considered as the field of action (field, ground, place, body)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṣetra

kṣetra - field, ground, soil; a place, region; the body (in philosophical contexts); a wife

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

(indeclinable)

कर्मणाम् (karmaṇām) - of actions, of karma

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual, fate, consequence of actions (karma)

from √kṛ (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

योनिः (yoniḥ) - source, origin, womb, place of birth

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yoni

yoni - womb, vulva; place of birth, origin, source, seat

सद्भावः (sadbhāvaḥ) - righteousness, virtuous nature (goodness, reality, existence, virtuous state)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sadbhāva

sadbhāva - goodness, reality, existence, virtuous nature, sincere disposition

from sat (good, real) + bhāva (state, being)

Compound type : karma-tatpurusha (sat+bhāva)

• sat – being, existing, good, true, real
  adjective (neuter)
  Present Participle
  from √as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)
• bhāva – being, existence, state, condition, feeling, disposition
  noun (masculine)
  from √bhū (to be)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, reality

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, integrity; true, real, honest

from sat (true, existing)

उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is declared, is called

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of √vac

Present tense (Laṭ), 3rd person singular, passive voice (Ātmanepada)

Root: vac (class 2)