महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-288, verse-42

हंस उवाच ।
प्राज्ञ एको रमते ब्राह्मणानां प्राज्ञ एको बहुभिर्जोषमास्ते ।
प्राज्ञ एको बलवान्दुर्बलोऽपि प्राज्ञ एषां कलहं नान्ववैति ॥४२॥

42. haṁsa uvāca ,
prājña eko ramate brāhmaṇānāṁ; prājña eko bahubhirjoṣamāste ,
prājña eko balavāndurbalo'pi; prājña eṣāṁ kalahaṁ nānvavaiti.

42. haṃsaḥ uvāca prājñaḥ ekaḥ ramate
brāhmaṇānām prājñaḥ ekaḥ bahubhiḥ joṣam
āste prājñaḥ ekaḥ balavān durbalaḥ
api prājñaḥ eṣām kalaham na anvavaiti

42. haṃsaḥ uvāca prājñaḥ ekaḥ ramate
brāhmaṇānām prājñaḥ ekaḥ bahubhiḥ joṣam
āste prājñaḥ ekaḥ balavān durbalaḥ
api prājñaḥ eṣām kalaham na anvavaiti

42. The Hamsa (celestial sage) said: "A wise person (prājña) delights alone among the Brahmins. A wise person, being one, enjoys the company of many. A wise person is strong even when weak. And a wise person among them does not comprehend conflict."

Words meanings summery:

• हंसः (haṁsaḥ) - The celestial sage Hamsa (speaker) (swan, a specific celestial sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - a wise person (wise, intelligent, discerning; a wise person)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one, alone (one, alone, single)

• रमते (ramate) - delights (delights, rejoices, plays)

• ब्राह्मणानाम् (brāhmaṇānām) - among the Brahmins (of the Brahmins, among the Brahmins)

• प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - a wise person (wise, intelligent, discerning; a wise person)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one, alone (one, alone, single)

• बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - with many (by many, with many)

• जोषम् (joṣam) - pleasure (as an adverbial accusative) (pleasure, enjoyment; with pleasure, gladly)

• आस्ते (āste) - enjoys (in conjunction with 'joṣam') (sits, stays, is present; enjoys)

• प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - a wise person (wise, intelligent, discerning; a wise person)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one, alone (one, alone, single)

• बलवान् (balavān) - strong (strong, powerful)

• दुर्बलः (durbalaḥ) - weak (weak, feeble)

• अपि (api) - though (also, even, though)

• प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - a wise person (wise, intelligent, discerning; a wise person)

• एषाम् (eṣām) - among them (referring to the Brahmins) (of these, among these)

• कलहम् (kalaham) - conflict (quarrel, dispute, conflict)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अन्ववैति (anvavaiti) - comprehends (comprehends, understands, follows)

Words meanings and morphology

हंसः (haṁsaḥ) - The celestial sage Hamsa (speaker) (swan, a specific celestial sage)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of haṃsa

haṁsa - swan, goose, a kind of ascetic, the soul, the sun, a celestial sage

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active

Perfect, 3rd person, singular, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - a wise person (wise, intelligent, discerning; a wise person)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prājña

prājña - wise, intelligent, knowing, discerning; a wise person

from pra-√jñā (to know well)

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Functions as a noun here.

एकः (ekaḥ) - one, alone (one, alone, single)

(numeral)

Note: Also functions as an adjective.

रमते (ramate) - delights (delights, rejoices, plays)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of ram

present middle

Present, 3rd person, singular, middle voice

Root: ram (class 1)

ब्राह्मणानाम् (brāhmaṇānām) - among the Brahmins (of the Brahmins, among the Brahmins)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, a priest, one belonging to the priestly class

Derivative of 'Brahman'

Note: Can express 'among'.

प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - a wise person (wise, intelligent, discerning; a wise person)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prājña

prājña - wise, intelligent, knowing, discerning; a wise person

from pra-√jñā (to know well)

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Functions as a noun here.

एकः (ekaḥ) - one, alone (one, alone, single)

(numeral)

Note: Also functions as an adjective.

बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - with many (by many, with many)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

Note: Refers to persons.

जोषम् (joṣam) - pleasure (as an adverbial accusative) (pleasure, enjoyment; with pleasure, gladly)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of joṣa

joṣa - pleasure, satisfaction, enjoyment, delight

from √juṣ (to please, enjoy)

Root: juṣ (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially.

आस्ते (āste) - enjoys (in conjunction with 'joṣam') (sits, stays, is present; enjoys)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of ās

present middle

Present, 3rd person, singular, middle voice

Root: ās (class 2)

प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - a wise person (wise, intelligent, discerning; a wise person)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prājña

prājña - wise, intelligent, knowing, discerning; a wise person

from pra-√jñā (to know well)

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Functions as a noun here.

एकः (ekaḥ) - one, alone (one, alone, single)

(numeral)

Note: Also functions as an adjective.

बलवान् (balavān) - strong (strong, powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balavat

balavat - strong, powerful, mighty

from 'bala' (strength) + possessive suffix '-vat'

दुर्बलः (durbalaḥ) - weak (weak, feeble)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durbala

durbala - weak, feeble, infirm

from 'dur' (bad, difficult) + 'bala' (strength)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+bala)

• dur – bad, ill, difficult
  indeclinable
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

अपि (api) - though (also, even, though)

(indeclinable)

Note: Often indicates concession.

प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - a wise person (wise, intelligent, discerning; a wise person)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prājña

prājña - wise, intelligent, knowing, discerning; a wise person

from pra-√jñā (to know well)

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Functions as a noun here.

एषाम् (eṣām) - among them (referring to the Brahmins) (of these, among these)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Can also be neuter or feminine, here referring to masculine 'Brāhmaṇas'.

कलहम् (kalaham) - conflict (quarrel, dispute, conflict)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kalaha

kalaha - quarrel, dispute, contention, conflict

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अन्ववैति (anvavaiti) - comprehends (comprehends, understands, follows)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of anu-ava-i

present active

Present, 3rd person, singular, active voice

Prefixes: anu+ava

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Root 'i' (to go) with prefixes.