महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-250, verse-16

सा तत्र परमं देवी तपोऽचरत दुश्चरम् ।
समा ह्येकपदे तस्थौ दश पद्मानि पञ्च च ॥१६॥

16. sā tatra paramaṁ devī tapo'carata duścaram ,
samā hyekapade tasthau daśa padmāni pañca ca.

16. sā tatra paramam devī tapaḥ acarat duścaram |
samāḥ hi ekapade tasthau daśa padmāni pañca ca

16. sā devī tatra paramam duścaram tapaḥ acarat hi,
ekapade daśa padmāni pañca ca samāḥ tasthau

16. There, that divine lady (devī) performed extremely arduous austerities (tapas). Indeed, she stood in one spot for fifteen padmas (a measure of time).

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - she, that (feminine)

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, most

• देवी (devī) - divine lady, goddess

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance

• अचरत् (acarat) - performed, practiced

• दुश्चरम् (duścaram) - difficult to perform, arduous

• समाः (samāḥ) - years (feminine plural)

• हि (hi) - indeed, for

• एकपदे (ekapade) - in one spot, in one place

• तस्थौ (tasthau) - she stood

• दश (daśa) - ten

• पद्मानि (padmāni) - padmas (a measure of time/number)

• पञ्च (pañca) - five

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - she, that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, most

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, best, utmost

देवी (devī) - divine lady, goddess

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of devī

devī - goddess, divine lady (devī), queen

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, spiritual heat (tapas)

अचरत् (acarat) - performed, practiced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of car

Root: car (class 1)

दुश्चरम् (duścaram) - difficult to perform, arduous

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duścara

duścara - difficult to perform, arduous, formidable

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (dus+cara)

• dus – bad, difficult
  indeclinable
• cara – moving, performing, acting
  adjective
  Root: car (class 1)

समाः (samāḥ) - years (feminine plural)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of samā

samā - year, season

Note: The nominative plural is also samāḥ. It functions adverbially here to indicate duration.

हि (hi) - indeed, for

(indeclinable)

एकपदे (ekapade) - in one spot, in one place

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ekapada

ekapada - one-footed, one spot, one place, one step

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (eka+pada)

• eka – one, single
  numeral
• pada – foot, step, place, word
  noun (neuter)

तस्थौ (tasthau) - she stood

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of sthā

Root: sthā (class 1)

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

Note: Numerals often behave like adjectives. Here it modifies 'padmāni'.

पद्मानि (padmāni) - padmas (a measure of time/number)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of padma

padma - lotus, a very large number (10^14 or 10^16) or a corresponding unit of time

Note: Can also be accusative for duration.

पञ्च (pañca) - five

(numeral)

Note: Can also be accusative.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)