महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-212, verse-50

अपि च भवति मैथिलेन गीतं नगरमुपाहितमग्निनाभिवीक्ष्य ।
न खलु मम तुषोऽपि दह्यतेऽत्र स्वयमिदमाह किल स्म भूमिपालः ॥५०॥

50. api ca bhavati maithilena gītaṁ; nagaramupāhitamagninābhivīkṣya ,
na khalu mama tuṣo'pi dahyate'tra; svayamidamāha kila sma bhūmipālaḥ.

50. api ca bhavati maithilena gītam
nagaram upāhitam agninā abhivīkṣya na
khalu mama tuṣaḥ api dahyate atra
svayam idam āha kila sma bhūmipālaḥ

50. api ca maithilena gītam (etat) bhavati: agninā upāhitam nagaram abhivīkṣya,
bhūmipālaḥ svayam idam kila sma āha,
"atra mama tuṣaḥ api na khalu dahyate.
"

50. Moreover, there is this verse sung by the king of Mithila (Janaka): having personally witnessed his city consumed by fire, the king (bhūmipālaḥ) himself famously declared, "Indeed, not even a particle of my possessions is being burnt here."

Words meanings summery:

• अपि (api) - moreover (also, even, too)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• भवति (bhavati) - there is (this verse) (it is, it occurs, it happens)

• मैथिलेन (maithilena) - by the king of Mithila (Janaka) (by the king of Mithila, by Janaka)

• गीतम् (gītam) - a verse sung (sung, chanted, a song)

• नगरम् (nagaram) - his city (city, town)

• उपाहितम् (upāhitam) - consumed (assailed, attacked, surrounded)

• अग्निना (agninā) - by fire

• अभिवीक्ष्य (abhivīkṣya) - having personally witnessed (having seen, having looked upon, having observed)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• खलु (khalu) - indeed (indeed, surely, certainly)

• मम (mama) - my (possessions) (my, mine)

• तुषः (tuṣaḥ) - a particle (of my possessions) (husk, chaff, a particle, trifle)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

• दह्यते (dahyate) - is being burnt (is burnt, is consumed by fire)

• अत्र (atra) - here (here, in this place, in this matter)

• स्वयम् (svayam) - personally (by oneself, personally, automatically)

• इदम् (idam) - this (statement) (this)

• आह (āha) - declared (said, spoke)

• किल (kila) - famously (indeed, verily, it is said (reported speech))

• स्म (sma) - (particle used to indicate past tense with present verbs)

• भूमिपालः (bhūmipālaḥ) - the king (bhūmipālaḥ) (king, ruler)

Words meanings and morphology

अपि (api) - moreover (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects this verse to the preceding narrative.

भवति (bhavati) - there is (this verse) (it is, it occurs, it happens)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of bhū

present active

3rd person singular, present indicative, active voice from root 'bhū' (1st class, bhvādi).

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Refers to the existence of the verse/saying.

मैथिलेन (maithilena) - by the king of Mithila (Janaka) (by the king of Mithila, by Janaka)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of maithila

maithila - belonging to Mithila, a native of Mithila, King of Mithila (Janaka)

Note: Agent of 'gītam'.

गीतम् (gītam) - a verse sung (sung, chanted, a song)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gīta

gīta - sung, chanted, a song, poem

past passive participle

Derived from root 'gā' (3rd class) with suffix -kta.

Root: gā (class 3)

Note: What was sung.

नगरम् (nagaram) - his city (city, town)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nagara

nagara - city, town

Note: Direct object of 'abhivīkṣya'.

उपाहितम् (upāhitam) - consumed (assailed, attacked, surrounded)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of upāhita

upāhita - placed, brought near, assailed, entrusted, encompassed

past passive participle

Derived from root 'dhā' (3rd class) with prefixes 'upa' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'nagaram'.

अग्निना (agninā) - by fire

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, sacrificial fire, god of fire

Note: Agent of 'upāhitam'.

अभिवीक्ष्य (abhivīkṣya) - having personally witnessed (having seen, having looked upon, having observed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root 'īkṣ' (1st class) with prefixes 'abhi' and 'vi' and suffix -ya.

Prefixes: abhi+vi

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Action preceding the declaration.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'dahyate'.

खलु (khalu) - indeed (indeed, surely, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the negation 'not even'.

मम (mama) - my (possessions) (my, mine)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I, ego

Note: Possessive, refers to Janaka.

तुषः (tuṣaḥ) - a particle (of my possessions) (husk, chaff, a particle, trifle)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tuṣa

tuṣa - husk, chaff, grain, a trifle, a particle

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'dahyate'.

अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here to emphasize 'not even'.

दह्यते (dahyate) - is being burnt (is burnt, is consumed by fire)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of dah

present passive

3rd person singular, present indicative, passive voice from root 'dah' (1st class, bhvādi).

Root: dah (class 1)

Note: Main verb of Janaka's statement.

अत्र (atra) - here (here, in this place, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the current situation/city.

स्वयम् (svayam) - personally (by oneself, personally, automatically)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes that Janaka himself made the declaration.

इदम् (idam) - this (statement) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one (neuter)

Note: Refers to the statement made.

आह (āha) - declared (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect indicative (lit) of ah

perfect active

3rd person singular, perfect indicative, active voice from root 'ah'.

Root: ah (class 2)

Note: Main verb for Janaka's action.

किल (kila) - famously (indeed, verily, it is said (reported speech))

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates that the statement is a well-known report or famous saying.

स्म (sma) - (particle used to indicate past tense with present verbs)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the past action.

भूमिपालः (bhūmipālaḥ) - the king (bhūmipālaḥ) (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhūmipāla

bhūmipāla - king, ruler, literally 'earth-protector'

Compound of 'bhūmi' (earth) and 'pāla' (protector).

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhūmi+pāla)

• bhūmi – earth, land, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian, keeper
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'pāl' (to protect).
  Root: pāl (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'āha'.