महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-212, verse-27

अतुष्टिः परितापश्च शोको लोभस्तथाक्षमा ।
लिङ्गानि रजसस्तानि दृश्यन्ते हेत्वहेतुतः ॥२७॥

27. atuṣṭiḥ paritāpaśca śoko lobhastathākṣamā ,
liṅgāni rajasastāni dṛśyante hetvahetutaḥ.

27. atuṣṭiḥ paritāpaḥ ca śokaḥ lobhaḥ tathā akṣamā
liṅgāni rajasaḥ tāni dṛśyante hetu ahetutaḥ

27. atuṣṭiḥ paritāpaḥ ca śokaḥ lobhaḥ tathā akṣamā
tāni rajasaḥ liṅgāni hetu ahetutaḥ dṛśyante

27. Dissatisfaction, anguish, sorrow, greed, and impatience – these are the signs that are seen of the rajasic quality (rajas), whether with or without a specific cause.

Words meanings summery:

• अतुष्टिः (atuṣṭiḥ) - dissatisfaction, discontentment

• परितापः (paritāpaḥ) - anguish, distress, torment, affliction

• च (ca) - and

• शोकः (śokaḥ) - sorrow, grief, lamentation

• लोभः (lobhaḥ) - greed, covetousness, avarice

• तथा (tathā) - and, also, thus

• अक्षमा (akṣamā) - impatience, intolerance, unreadiness

• लिङ्गानि (liṅgāni) - characteristic signs (signs, characteristics, indicators)

• रजसः (rajasaḥ) - of the rajasic quality (rajas) (of rajas)

• तानि (tāni) - these (signs) (these, those)

• दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are seen, are perceived, appear

• हेतु (hetu) - for a cause or reason (cause, reason)

• अहेतुतः (ahetutaḥ) - without cause, for no reason, causelessly

Words meanings and morphology

अतुष्टिः (atuṣṭiḥ) - dissatisfaction, discontentment

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of atuṣṭi

atuṣṭi - dissatisfaction, discontentment, lack of contentment

Compound of 'a' (not) and 'tuṣṭi' (satisfaction).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+tuṣṭi)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• tuṣṭi – satisfaction, contentment
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'tuṣ' (to be pleased).
  Root: tuṣ (class 4)

परितापः (paritāpaḥ) - anguish, distress, torment, affliction

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paritāpa

paritāpa - anguish, torment, distress, affliction, burning

From root 'tap' (to heat, torment) with prefix 'pari'.

Prefix: pari

Root: tap (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

शोकः (śokaḥ) - sorrow, grief, lamentation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - sorrow, grief, lamentation

From root 'śuc' (to grieve, lament).

Root: śuc (class 1)

लोभः (lobhaḥ) - greed, covetousness, avarice

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lobha

lobha - greed, covetousness, avarice, desire

From root 'lubh' (to covet, desire).

Root: lubh (class 4)

तथा (tathā) - and, also, thus

(indeclinable)

अक्षमा (akṣamā) - impatience, intolerance, unreadiness

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of akṣamā

akṣamā - impatience, intolerance, inability to forgive

Compound of 'a' (not) and 'kṣamā' (patience, forbearance).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṣamā)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• kṣamā – patience, forbearance, endurance, forgiveness
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'kṣam' (to be patient, endure).
  Root: kṣam (class 1)

लिङ्गानि (liṅgāni) - characteristic signs (signs, characteristics, indicators)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of liṅga

liṅga - sign, mark, characteristic, symptom, gender

रजसः (rajasaḥ) - of the rajasic quality (rajas) (of rajas)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, mist, impurity, passion, activity (one of the three guṇas)

तानि (tāni) - these (signs) (these, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are seen, are perceived, appear

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present tense, passive voice, 3rd plural

Root 'dṛś' (to see). Passive formation, middle voice ending.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

हेतु (hetu) - for a cause or reason (cause, reason)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hetu

hetu - cause, reason, motive, instrument

Note: Part of an adverbial compound 'hetvahetutaḥ', broken down into 'hetu' and 'ahetutaḥ' for no-sandhi list, indicating 'with a cause'.

अहेतुतः (ahetutaḥ) - without cause, for no reason, causelessly

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ahetu

ahetu - without cause, causeless

Compound of 'a' (not) and 'hetu' (cause), with ablative suffix '-tas'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+hetu)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• hetu – cause, reason
  noun (masculine)

Note: Ablative case formed by suffix '-tas'. Forms part of 'hetvahetutaḥ' (from cause or no cause).