महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-161, verse-46

न कर्मणाप्नोत्यनवाप्यमर्थं यद्भावि सर्वं भवतीति वित्त ।
त्रिवर्गहीनोऽपि हि विन्दतेऽर्थं तस्मादिदं लोकहिताय गुह्यम् ॥४६॥

46. na karmaṇāpnotyanavāpyamarthaṁ; yadbhāvi sarvaṁ bhavatīti vitta ,
trivargahīno'pi hi vindate'rthaṁ; tasmādidaṁ lokahitāya guhyam.

46. na karmaṇā āpnoti anavāpyam artham
yat bhāvi sarvam bhavati iti
vitta trivargahīnaḥ api hi vindate
artham tasmāt idam lokahitāya guhyam

46. yat bhāvi sarvam bhavati iti vitta,
anavāpyam artham karmaṇā na āpnoti.
trivargahīnaḥ api hi artham vindate.
tasmāt idam guhyam lokahitāya.

46. An unobtainable goal is not achieved through actions (karma). Understand that whatever is destined to happen, all that indeed comes to pass. Indeed, even one who is devoid of the three aims of human life (dharma, artha, kāma) achieves their purpose. Therefore, this secret is for the welfare of the people.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action, by work

• आप्नोति (āpnoti) - obtains, reaches, gets

• अनवाप्यम् (anavāpyam) - unobtainable, not to be reached

• अर्थम् (artham) - goal, purpose (goal, purpose, object, wealth, meaning)

• यत् (yat) - whatever (which, whatever)

• भावि (bhāvi) - destined to happen (what will be, destined to be, future)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all that, everything (all, whole, everything)

• भवति (bhavati) - comes to pass, happens (happens, becomes, is)

• इति (iti) - that (introducing a clause) (thus, so, indicating direct speech or thought)

• वित्त (vitta) - understand (know!, understand!)

• त्रिवर्गहीनः (trivargahīnaḥ) - a person devoid of the three aims of human life (one devoid of the three aims (dharma, artha, kama))

• अपि (api) - even (even, also)

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly (indeed, for, because)

• विन्दते (vindate) - achieves, obtains (obtains, finds, gets)

• अर्थम् (artham) - purpose (goal, purpose, object, wealth, meaning)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

• इदम् (idam) - this (secret) (this)

• लोकहिताय (lokahitāya) - for the welfare of the people (for the welfare of the world/people)

• गुह्यम् (guhyam) - secret (teaching/doctrine) (secret, hidden)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action, by work

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual, fate (karma)

From root kṛ (to do, make) + suffix man

Root: kṛ (class 8)

आप्नोति (āpnoti) - obtains, reaches, gets

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √āp

Present active 3rd singular

From ā (prefix) + root āp (class 5)

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)

अनवाप्यम् (anavāpyam) - unobtainable, not to be reached

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anavāpya

anavāpya - unobtainable, not to be reached

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

an (negation) + ava (prefix) + root āp + suffix ya (gerundive)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (na+avāpya)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
• avāpya – to be obtained, obtainable
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  From ava (prefix) + root āp + suffix ya (gerundive)
  Prefix: ava
  Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Qualifies artham.

अर्थम् (artham) - goal, purpose (goal, purpose, object, wealth, meaning)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, object, aim, meaning, wealth, prosperity, thing

Note: Object of āpnoti.

यत् (yat) - whatever (which, whatever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Refers to sarvam.

भावि (bhāvi) - destined to happen (what will be, destined to be, future)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhāvin

bhāvin - being, existing, future, what will be, destined to be

Future active participle

From root bhū (to be) + suffix in (agent suffix, forming participles/adjectives)

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Qualifies an implied 'that which'.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all that, everything (all, whole, everything)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Subject of bhavati.

भवति (bhavati) - comes to pass, happens (happens, becomes, is)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √bhū

Present active 3rd singular

From root bhū (class 1)

Root: bhū (class 1)

इति (iti) - that (introducing a clause) (thus, so, indicating direct speech or thought)

(indeclinable)

वित्त (vitta) - understand (know!, understand!)

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of √vid

Imperative active 2nd plural

From root vid (class 2)

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Addressed to an audience.

त्रिवर्गहीनः (trivargahīnaḥ) - a person devoid of the three aims of human life (one devoid of the three aims (dharma, artha, kama))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of trivargahīna

trivargahīna - devoid of the three aims of life (dharma, artha, kama)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (trivarga+hīna)

• trivarga – the group of three, the three aims of life (dharma, artha, kāma)
  noun (masculine)
• hīna – devoid of, deficient, abandoned
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root hā (to abandon, quit) + suffix kta
  Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies an implied 'person'.

अपि (api) - even (even, also)

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

विन्दते (vindate) - achieves, obtains (obtains, finds, gets)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of √vid

Present middle 3rd singular

From root vid (class 7, middle voice)

Root: vid (class 7)

अर्थम् (artham) - purpose (goal, purpose, object, wealth, meaning)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, object, aim, meaning, wealth, prosperity, thing

Note: Object of vindate.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used adverbially.

इदम् (idam) - this (secret) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Refers to guhyam.

लोकहिताय (lokahitāya) - for the welfare of the people (for the welfare of the world/people)

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of lokahita

lokahita - welfare of the world/people, beneficial to people

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loka+hita)

• loka – world, people, realm
  noun (masculine)
• hita – beneficial, good, welfare, what is placed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dhā (to place, set) + suffix kta, with sandhi dhā -> hi
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Purpose.

गुह्यम् (guhyam) - secret (teaching/doctrine) (secret, hidden)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of guhya

guhya - secret, hidden, to be concealed

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

From root guh (to hide, conceal) + suffix ya (gerundive)

Root: guh (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for idam.