महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-161, verse-2

धर्मे चार्थे च कामे च लोकवृत्तिः समाहिता ।
तेषां गरीयान्कतमो मध्यमः को लघुश्च कः ॥२॥

2. dharme cārthe ca kāme ca lokavṛttiḥ samāhitā ,
teṣāṁ garīyānkatamo madhyamaḥ ko laghuśca kaḥ.

2. dharme ca arthe ca kāme ca lokavṛttiḥ samāhitā
teṣām garīyān katamaḥ madhyamaḥ kaḥ laghuḥ ca kaḥ

2. lokavṛttiḥ dharme ca arthe ca kāme ca samāhitā
teṣām katamaḥ garīyān kaḥ madhyamaḥ ca kaḥ laghuḥ

2. Human society's way of life (lokavṛtti) is established in natural law (dharma), economic prosperity (artha), and sensual gratification (kāma). Of these, which one is the most significant, which is of middling importance, and which is the least important?

Words meanings summery:

• धर्मे (dharme) - in natural law, in duty, in righteousness, in virtue

• च (ca) - and, also

• अर्थे (arthe) - in purpose, in wealth, in meaning, in object

• च (ca) - and, also

• कामे (kāme) - in desire, in pleasure, in love

• च (ca) - and, also

• लोकवृत्तिः (lokavṛttiḥ) - worldly conduct, way of life of people, worldly affairs

• समाहिता (samāhitā) - established, placed, fixed, concentrated

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, among them

• गरीयान् (garīyān) - greater, heavier, more important

• कतमः (katamaḥ) - which one, which of many

• मध्यमः (madhyamaḥ) - middle, moderate, mediocre

• कः (kaḥ) - who, which

• लघुः (laghuḥ) - small, light, unimportant

• च (ca) - and, also

• कः (kaḥ) - who, which

Words meanings and morphology

धर्मे (dharme) - in natural law, in duty, in righteousness, in virtue

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue, constitution, intrinsic nature, religion

From root dhṛ (to uphold, sustain) + man (suffix)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अर्थे (arthe) - in purpose, in wealth, in meaning, in object

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, object, wealth, prosperity, material well-being

From root ṛ (to go, move) + tha (suffix)

Root: ṛ

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

कामे (kāme) - in desire, in pleasure, in love

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, pleasure, love, sensual gratification

From root kam (to desire) + a (suffix)

Root: kam (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

लोकवृत्तिः (lokavṛttiḥ) - worldly conduct, way of life of people, worldly affairs

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of lokavṛtti

lokavṛtti - worldly conduct, way of life of people, custom, tradition, worldly affairs

Compound of loka and vṛtti

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loka+vṛtti)

• loka – world, people, mankind
  noun (masculine)
• vṛtti – conduct, course of action, way of life, livelihood
  noun (feminine)
  From root vṛt (to be, exist, turn) + ti (suffix)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

समाहिता (samāhitā) - established, placed, fixed, concentrated

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of samāhita

samāhita - placed, fixed, concentrated, established, composed, endowed with

Past Passive Participle

From prefix sam-ā + root dhā (to place, put)

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: It agrees with lokavṛttiḥ.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, among them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

Note: Refers to dharma, artha, kāma.

गरीयान् (garīyān) - greater, heavier, more important

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of garīyas

garīyas - heavier, weightier, more important, greater

Comparative degree

Comparative of guru (heavy, important)

कतमः (katamaḥ) - which one, which of many

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of katama

katama - which of many, who

Superlative suffix -tama added to an interrogative pronoun

Note: Interrogative.

मध्यमः (madhyamaḥ) - middle, moderate, mediocre

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madhyama

madhyama - middle, intermediate, moderate, mediocre

From madhya (middle) + ma (suffix)

कः (kaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative.

लघुः (laghuḥ) - small, light, unimportant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of laghu

laghu - light, small, insignificant, unimportant, swift

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

कः (kaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative.