महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-161, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
इत्युक्तवति भीष्मे तु तूष्णींभूते युधिष्ठिरः ।
पप्रच्छावसरं गत्वा भ्रातॄन्विदुरपञ्चमान् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
ityuktavati bhīṣme tu tūṣṇīṁbhūte yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ,
papracchāvasaraṁ gatvā bhrātṝnvidurapañcamān.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca iti uktavati bhīṣme tu tūṣṇīmbhūte
yudhiṣṭhiraḥ papraccha avasaram gatvā bhrātṝn vidurapañcamān

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca tu bhīṣme iti uktavati tūṣṇīmbhūte
yudhiṣṭhiraḥ avasaram gatvā vidurapañcamān bhrātṝn papraccha

1. Vaiśampāyana said: When Bhishma had thus spoken and then fell silent, Yudhishthira, seizing the opportune moment, approached and questioned his brothers, with Vidura as the fifth among them.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner

• उक्तवति (uktavati) - having spoken, in the state of having spoken

• भीष्मे (bhīṣme) - in Bhishma, when Bhishma

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• तूष्णीम्भूते (tūṣṇīmbhūte) - having become silent, being silent

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (name of the eldest Pandava)

• पप्रच्छ (papraccha) - asked, inquired

• अवसरम् (avasaram) - opportune moment, occasion, opportunity

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, after going

• भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - the Pandava brothers (Arjuna, Bhima, Nakula, Sahadeva) (brothers)

• विदुरपञ्चमान् (vidurapañcamān) - his (Yudhishthira's) brothers and Vidura (those who have Vidura as their fifth)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - name of a sage, pupil of Vyasa

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect indicative (lit) of vac

perfect active indicative

3rd person singular perfect active indicative of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्तवति (uktavati) - having spoken, in the state of having spoken

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of uktavat

uktavat - one who has spoken

past active participle

past active participle of root vac, with -vat suffix

Root: vac (class 2)

भीष्मे (bhīṣme) - in Bhishma, when Bhishma

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a Kuru elder)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

तूष्णीम्भूते (tūṣṇīmbhūte) - having become silent, being silent

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of tūṣṇīmbhūta

tūṣṇīmbhūta - become silent, silenced

past passive participle

compound of tūṣṇīm (silently) + bhūta (become, ppp of bhū)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (tūṣṇīm+bhūta)

• tūṣṇīm – silently, quietly
  indeclinable
• bhūta – become, been, past, being
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  ppp of root bhū
  Root: bhū (class 1)

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (name of the eldest Pandava)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (name of the eldest Pandava, steady in battle)

compound: yudhi (in battle) + sthira (firm, steady)

पप्रच्छ (papraccha) - asked, inquired

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect indicative (lit) of prach

perfect active indicative

3rd person singular perfect active indicative of root prach

Root: prach (class 6)

अवसरम् (avasaram) - opportune moment, occasion, opportunity

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of avasara

avasara - opportunity, occasion, opportune moment

from ava-sṛ (to descend, go down)

Prefix: ava

Root: sṛ (class 1)

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, after going

(indeclinable)

absolutive (indeclinable past participle)

absolutive of root gam

Root: gam (class 1)

भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - the Pandava brothers (Arjuna, Bhima, Nakula, Sahadeva) (brothers)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

विदुरपञ्चमान् (vidurapañcamān) - his (Yudhishthira's) brothers and Vidura (those who have Vidura as their fifth)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vidurapañcama

vidurapañcama - having Vidura as the fifth, including Vidura as the fifth

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vidura+pañcama)

• vidura – Vidura (name of a wise character in Mahabharata)
  proper noun (masculine)
• pañcama – fifth
  adjective (masculine)
  ordinal number from pañcan (five)