महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-161, verse-24

अनर्थस्य न कामोऽस्ति तथार्थोऽधर्मिणः कुतः ।
तस्मादुद्विजते लोको धर्मार्थाद्यो बहिष्कृतः ॥२४॥

24. anarthasya na kāmo'sti tathārtho'dharmiṇaḥ kutaḥ ,
tasmādudvijate loko dharmārthādyo bahiṣkṛtaḥ.

24. anarthasya na kāmaḥ asti tathā arthaḥ adharmiṇaḥ kutaḥ
tasmāt udvijate lokaḥ dharma-arthāt yaḥ bahiṣkṛtaḥ

24. anarthasya kāmaḥ na asti tathā adharmiṇaḥ arthaḥ kutaḥ?
tasmāt yaḥ dharma-arthāt bahiṣkṛtaḥ lokaḥ udvijate

24. For one without purpose or wealth, there is no desire (kāma); similarly, how can there be wealth/purpose (artha) for an unrighteous person (adharmin)? Therefore, the world (or people) are distressed when one is excluded from both (natural) law (dharma) and wealth/purpose (artha).

Words meanings summery:

• अनर्थस्य (anarthasya) - of one without wealth/purpose, of a poor/unsuccessful person

• न (na) - not, no

• कामः (kāmaḥ) - desire, wish, pleasure

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, and

• अर्थः (arthaḥ) - wealth, purpose, prosperity

• अधर्मिणः (adharmiṇaḥ) - of the unrighteous one, of one devoid of (natural) law (dharma)

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - (rhetorical) how can there be? (from where? how?)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• उद्विजते (udvijate) - is distressed, trembles, is agitated

• लोकः (lokaḥ) - the world, people, folk

• धर्म-अर्थात् (dharma-arthāt) - from (natural) law (dharma) and wealth/purpose (artha)

• यः (yaḥ) - who, that which

• बहिष्कृतः (bahiṣkṛtaḥ) - excluded, cast out, deprived

Words meanings and morphology

अनर्थस्य (anarthasya) - of one without wealth/purpose, of a poor/unsuccessful person

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of anartha

anartha - meaningless, useless, without purpose; a poor man, a useless thing

Compound type : Nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+artha)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• artha – wealth, purpose, meaning
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

कामः (kāmaḥ) - desire, wish, pleasure

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, love, pleasure, object of desire

Derived from root kam (to desire)

Root: kam (class 1)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

Present Indicative

3rd person singular present active

Root: as (class 2)

तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, and

(indeclinable)

अर्थः (arthaḥ) - wealth, purpose, prosperity

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - wealth, property, purpose, meaning, object, cause

अधर्मिणः (adharmiṇaḥ) - of the unrighteous one, of one devoid of (natural) law (dharma)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of adharmin

adharmin - unrighteous, unvirtuous, irreligious; an unrighteous person

Compound type : Nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dharmin)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• dharmin – righteous, virtuous, possessing (natural) law (dharma)
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffixed with -in to dharma

कुतः (kutaḥ) - (rhetorical) how can there be? (from where? how?)

(indeclinable)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

उद्विजते (udvijate) - is distressed, trembles, is agitated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of udvij

Present Indicative

3rd person singular present middle (ātmanepada)

Prefix: ud

Root: vij (class 6)

लोकः (lokaḥ) - the world, people, folk

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people, folk, public

धर्म-अर्थात् (dharma-arthāt) - from (natural) law (dharma) and wealth/purpose (artha)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of dharmārtha

dharmārtha - (natural) law (dharma) and wealth/purpose (artha)

Compound type : Itaretarayoga Dvandva (dharma+artha)

• dharma – (natural) law, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 3)
• artha – wealth, purpose
  noun (masculine)

यः (yaḥ) - who, that which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

बहिष्कृतः (bahiṣkṛtaḥ) - excluded, cast out, deprived

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bahiṣkṛta

bahiṣkṛta - excluded, cast out, banished, deprived

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ with preverb bahis

Compound type : Gati-samāsa (bahis+kṛta)

• bahis – out, outside, external
  indeclinable
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)