महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-161, verse-34

नवनीतं यथा दध्नस्तथा कामोऽर्थधर्मतः ।
श्रेयस्तैलं च पिण्याकाद्घृतं श्रेय उदश्वितः ॥३४॥

34. navanītaṁ yathā dadhnastathā kāmo'rthadharmataḥ ,
śreyastailaṁ ca piṇyākādghṛtaṁ śreya udaśvitaḥ.

34. navanītam yathā dadhnaḥ tathā kāmaḥ artha-dharmataḥ
śreyaḥ tailam ca piṇyākāt ghṛtam śreyaḥ udaśvitaḥ

34. yathā dadhnaḥ navanītam tathā artha-dharmataḥ kāmaḥ.
piṇyākāt tailam śreyaḥ ca udaśvitaḥ ghṛtam śreyaḥ.

34. Just as fresh butter is derived from curds, so too pleasure (kāma) arises from material prosperity (artha) and righteous conduct (dharma). Oil is superior to oilcake, and clarified butter (ghṛta) is superior to buttermilk.

Words meanings summery:

• नवनीतम् (navanītam) - fresh butter, cream

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in which way

• दध्नः (dadhnaḥ) - from curds/yogurt

• तथा (tathā) - so, similarly, thus

• कामः (kāmaḥ) - desire, pleasure, love

• अर्थ-धर्मतः (artha-dharmataḥ) - from material prosperity and intrinsic nature/righteous conduct

• श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - better, superior, more excellent

• तैलम् (tailam) - oil

• च (ca) - and

• पिण्याकात् (piṇyākāt) - from oilcake

• घृतम् (ghṛtam) - clarified butter, ghee

• श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - better, superior, more excellent

• उदश्वितः (udaśvitaḥ) - from buttermilk

Words meanings and morphology

नवनीतम् (navanītam) - fresh butter, cream

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of navanīta

navanīta - fresh butter, new butter, cream

Compound type : karmadhāraya (nava+nīta)

• nava – new, fresh
  adjective
• nīta – carried, led, obtained
  past passive participle
  Past Passive Participle
  From root NĪ (to lead, carry)
  Root: nī (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in which way

(indeclinable)

दध्नः (dadhnaḥ) - from curds/yogurt

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of dadhi

dadhi - curds, yogurt, coagulated milk

तथा (tathā) - so, similarly, thus

(indeclinable)

कामः (kāmaḥ) - desire, pleasure, love

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, longing, love, pleasure, enjoyment

From root KAM (to desire)

Root: kam (class 1)

अर्थ-धर्मतः (artha-dharmataḥ) - from material prosperity and intrinsic nature/righteous conduct

(indeclinable)

Compound type : dvandva (artha+dharma)

• artha – aim, purpose, meaning, wealth, material possession, prosperity
  noun (masculine)
• dharma – intrinsic nature, law, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: The suffix `-tas` (तस्) is added to the compound to give it an ablative sense, thus making the resulting form function as an indeclinable adverbial expression.

श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - better, superior, more excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - better, superior, more excellent, welfare, good fortune

Comparative form of śrī (fortune) or praśasya (excellent)

तैलम् (tailam) - oil

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of taila

taila - oil (especially sesamum oil)

From tila (sesamum) + aṇ (producing/derived from)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पिण्याकात् (piṇyākāt) - from oilcake

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of piṇyāka

piṇyāka - oilcake (residue after pressing oil)

घृतम् (ghṛtam) - clarified butter, ghee

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ghṛta

ghṛta - clarified butter, ghee

Past Passive Participle

From root GHṚ (to sprinkle, shine, flow)

Root: ghṛ (class 3)

श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - better, superior, more excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - better, superior, more excellent, welfare, good fortune

Comparative form of śrī (fortune) or praśasya (excellent)

उदश्वितः (udaśvitaḥ) - from buttermilk

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of udaśvit

udaśvit - buttermilk, whey