योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-49, verse-45

यथा बाह्यार्थवैतृष्ण्ये नोपशाम्यत्यलं मनः ।
न तथा शास्त्रसंदर्भैर्नोपदेशतपोदमैः ॥ ४५ ॥

yathā bāhyārthavaitṛṣṇye nopaśāmyatyalaṃ manaḥ ,
na tathā śāstrasaṃdarbhairnopadeśatapodamaiḥ 45

45. yathā bāhyārthavaitṛṣṇye na upaśāmyati alam manaḥ
na tathā śāstrasaṃdarbhaiḥ na upadeśatapodamaiḥ

45. yathā manaḥ bāhyārthavaitṛṣṇye alam na upaśāmyati,
tathā na śāstrasaṃdarbhaiḥ na upadeśatapodamaiḥ (upaśāmyati).

45. Just as the mind is not thoroughly pacified merely by detachment from external objects, similarly it is not (thoroughly pacified) by scriptural teachings, nor by instructions, asceticism (tapas), or self-control (dama).

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in the manner that)

• बाह्यार्थवैतृष्ण्ये (bāhyārthavaitṛṣṇye) - in the detachment from external objects

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• उपशाम्यति (upaśāmyati) - is pacified (becomes calm, is pacified, ceases)

• अलम् (alam) - thoroughly (sufficiently, enough, thoroughly)

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect

• न (na) - not (not, nor)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (in that way, similarly)

• शास्त्रसंदर्भैः (śāstrasaṁdarbhaiḥ) - by scriptural teachings (by scriptural contexts/teachings)

• न (na) - nor (not, nor)

• उपदेशतपोदमैः (upadeśatapodamaiḥ) - by instructions, asceticism (tapas), or self-control (dama) (by instructions, asceticism, and self-control)

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in the manner that)

(indeclinable)

बाह्यार्थवैतृष्ण्ये (bāhyārthavaitṛṣṇye) - in the detachment from external objects

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of bāhyārthavaitṛṣṇya

bāhyārthavaitṛṣṇya - detachment from external objects

Tatpurusha compound of bāhyārtha (external objects) and vaitṛṣṇya (detachment).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (bāhyārtha+vaitṛṣṇya)

• bāhyārtha – external object/matter
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of bahya (external) and artha (object).
• vaitṛṣṇya – freedom from craving, detachment
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from tṛṣṇā (thirst, craving) with 'vi' prefix and 'ya' suffix.
  Prefix: vi

Note: Refers to the context in which the mind is not pacified.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates upaśāmyati.

उपशाम्यति (upaśāmyati) - is pacified (becomes calm, is pacified, ceases)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of upaśam

Present Active Voice

From root śam (to be calm) with prefix upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Subject is manaḥ.

अलम् (alam) - thoroughly (sufficiently, enough, thoroughly)

(indeclinable)

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, consciousness

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of upaśāmyati.

न (na) - not (not, nor)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the following clause 'tathā śāstrasaṃdarbhaiḥ'.

तथा (tathā) - similarly (in that way, similarly)

(indeclinable)

शास्त्रसंदर्भैः (śāstrasaṁdarbhaiḥ) - by scriptural teachings (by scriptural contexts/teachings)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śāstrasaṃdarbha

śāstrasaṁdarbha - scriptural context, scriptural reference, teachings of scriptures

Tatpurusha compound of śāstra (scripture) and saṃdarbha (context, compilation).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (śāstra+saṃdarbha)

• śāstra – treatise, scripture, teaching
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śās (class 2)
• saṃdarbha – context, compilation, composition, connection
  noun (masculine)
  From root dṛbh (to string, tie) with prefix sam.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: dṛbh (class 1)

Note: Indicates means.

न (na) - nor (not, nor)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as a negative conjunction 'nor'.

उपदेशतपोदमैः (upadeśatapodamaiḥ) - by instructions, asceticism (tapas), or self-control (dama) (by instructions, asceticism, and self-control)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of upadeśatapodama

upadeśatapodama - instruction, asceticism, and self-control

Dvandva compound of upadeśa, tapas, and dama.

Compound type : Dvandva (upadeśa+tapas+dama)

• upadeśa – instruction, teaching, advice
  noun (masculine)
  From root diś (to point, show) with prefix upa.
  Prefix: upa
  Root: diś (class 6)
• tapas – asceticism, penance, austerity
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• dama – self-control, restraint
  noun (masculine)
  From root dam (to tame, control).
  Root: dam (class 4)

Note: Indicates means.