योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-44, verse-28

प्रतनोति शमच्छायां छायामिव घनागमः ।
निरोधमास्फारयति शमोऽनिल इवाम्बुदम् ॥ २८ ॥

pratanoti śamacchāyāṃ chāyāmiva ghanāgamaḥ ,
nirodhamāsphārayati śamo'nila ivāmbudam 28

28. pratanoti śamacchāyām chāyām iva ghanāgamaḥ
nirodham āsphārayati śamaḥ anilaḥ iva ambudam

28. ghanāgamaḥ chāyām iva śamacchāyām pratanoti
śamaḥ anilaḥ iva ambudam nirodham āsphārayati

28. Just as the arrival of monsoon clouds spreads a cooling shade, so too does inner tranquility (śama) expand mental restraint (nirodha), much like wind causes a cloud to swell.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रतनोति (pratanoti) - spreads, extends, causes to expand

• शमच्छायाम् (śamacchāyām) - the shade of tranquility, cooling peace

• छायाम् (chāyām) - shade, shadow

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• घनागमः (ghanāgamaḥ) - arrival of clouds, rainy season, monsoon

• निरोधम् (nirodham) - restraint, suppression, control

• आस्फारयति (āsphārayati) - expands, causes to swell, makes spread

• शमः (śamaḥ) - tranquility (śama), mental calmness, quietude

• अनिलः (anilaḥ) - wind, air

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अम्बुदम् (ambudam) - cloud (lit. 'water-giver')

Words meanings and morphology

प्रतनोति (pratanoti) - spreads, extends, causes to expand

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pratan

Prefix: pra

Root: tan (class 8)

शमच्छायाम् (śamacchāyām) - the shade of tranquility, cooling peace

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śamacchāyā

śamacchāyā - shade of tranquility, cooling peace

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śama+chāyā)

• śama – tranquility (śama), mental calmness, quietude, repose
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śam (class 4)
• chāyā – shade, shadow, reflection, luster
  noun (feminine)

छायाम् (chāyām) - shade, shadow

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of chāyā

chāyā - shade, shadow, reflection, luster

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

घनागमः (ghanāgamaḥ) - arrival of clouds, rainy season, monsoon

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ghanāgama

ghanāgama - arrival of clouds, monsoon

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ghana+āgama)

• ghana – cloud, dense, solid
  noun (masculine)
• āgama – arrival, coming, approach, tradition
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

निरोधम् (nirodham) - restraint, suppression, control

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nirodha

nirodha - restraint, suppression, control, checking, blockage

Prefix: ni

Root: rudh (class 7)

आस्फारयति (āsphārayati) - expands, causes to swell, makes spread

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of āsphāray

causative

Causative form of √sphur (to throb, quiver, flash)

Prefix: ā

Root: sphur (class 6)

शमः (śamaḥ) - tranquility (śama), mental calmness, quietude

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śama

śama - tranquility (śama), mental calmness, quietude, repose

Root: śam (class 4)

अनिलः (anilaḥ) - wind, air

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anila

anila - wind, air

Root: an (class 2)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

अम्बुदम् (ambudam) - cloud (lit. 'water-giver')

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ambuda

ambuda - cloud, water-giver

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (ambu+da)

• ambu – water
  noun (neuter)
• da – giving, bestowing
  adjective
  From root dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)