योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-23, verse-41

मणिर्मधुरकाषेण यथैति विमलात्मताम् ।
तथा कषायपाकेन चित्तमेति विवेकिताम् ॥ ४१ ॥

maṇirmadhurakāṣeṇa yathaiti vimalātmatām ,
tathā kaṣāyapākena cittameti vivekitām 41

41. maṇiḥ madhurakāṣeṇa yathā eti vimalātmatām
tathā kaṣāyapākena cittam eti vivekitām

41. yathā maṇiḥ madhurakāṣeṇa vimalātmatām eti
tathā cittam kaṣāyapākena vivekitām eti

41. Just as a jewel attains a state of purity through gentle rubbing, so too the mind attains discriminative wisdom through the purification of defilements.

Words meanings summery:

• मणिः (maṇiḥ) - jewel, gem, pearl

• मधुरकाषेण (madhurakāṣeṇa) - by gentle rubbing, by a soft touchstone

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which way

• एति (eti) - attains (goes, comes, attains, reaches)

• विमलात्मताम् (vimalātmatām) - the state of being pure, purity, spotlessness

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in the same way

• कषायपाकेन (kaṣāyapākena) - by the ripening of defilements, by the maturation of impurities, by the cleansing of passions

• चित्तम् (cittam) - mind, thought, consciousness

• एति (eti) - attains (goes, comes, attains, reaches)

• विवेकिताम् (vivekitām) - state of having discriminative wisdom, discernment, power of distinguishing

Words meanings and morphology

मणिः (maṇiḥ) - jewel, gem, pearl

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maṇi

maṇi - jewel, gem, pearl, bead

Note: Subject of 'eti'.

मधुरकाषेण (madhurakāṣeṇa) - by gentle rubbing, by a soft touchstone

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of madhurakāṣa

madhurakāṣa - gentle rubbing, soft touchstone, sweet test

Tatpuruṣa compound: madhura (sweet/gentle) + kāṣa (rubbing/test).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhura+kāṣa)

• madhura – sweet, pleasant, gentle, charming
  adjective (masculine)
• kāṣa – rubbing, friction, test, touchstone
  noun (masculine)
  From √kaṣ (to rub, test).
  Root: kaṣ (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means by which the jewel attains purity.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which way

(indeclinable)

Note: Corresponds with 'tathā'.

एति (eti) - attains (goes, comes, attains, reaches)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of i

Present Indicative

3rd singular active, Parasmaipada.

Root: i (class 2)

विमलात्मताम् (vimalātmatām) - the state of being pure, purity, spotlessness

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vimalātmatā

vimalātmatā - state of purity, spotlessness, unsullied nature

Tatpuruṣa compound: vimala (pure) + ātmatā (state of being).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vimala+ātmatā)

• vimala – spotless, pure, clean, clear
  adjective (masculine)
  From vi-mala (without dirt).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: mal
• ātmatā – state of being, nature, essence
  noun (feminine)
  Suffix -tā (feminine) denoting state or condition, added to ātman (self/essence).

Note: Object of 'eti'.

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in the same way

(indeclinable)

Note: Corresponds with 'yathā'.

कषायपाकेन (kaṣāyapākena) - by the ripening of defilements, by the maturation of impurities, by the cleansing of passions

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kaṣāyapāka

kaṣāyapāka - ripening of defilements, purification of impurities

Tatpuruṣa compound: kaṣāya (stain/impurity) + pāka (ripening/cooking).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kaṣāya+pāka)

• kaṣāya – stain, impurity, defilement, passion, astringent
  noun (masculine)
• pāka – ripening, cooking, digestion, maturation
  noun (masculine)
  From √pac (to cook, ripen).
  Root: pac (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means by which the mind attains discriminative wisdom.

चित्तम् (cittam) - mind, thought, consciousness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of citta

citta - mind, thought, consciousness, heart

From √cit (to perceive, think).

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'eti'.

एति (eti) - attains (goes, comes, attains, reaches)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of i

Present Indicative

3rd singular active, Parasmaipada.

Root: i (class 2)

विवेकिताम् (vivekitām) - state of having discriminative wisdom, discernment, power of distinguishing

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vivekitā

vivekitā - state of having discriminative wisdom, discernment, power of distinguishing

From vivekin (discriminating) + -tā (feminine suffix for state).

Note: Object of 'eti'.