योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-23, verse-41

मणिर्मधुरकाषेण यथैति विमलात्मताम् ।
तथा कषायपाकेन चित्तमेति विवेकिताम् ॥ ४१ ॥

maṇirmadhurakāṣeṇa yathaiti vimalātmatām ,
tathā kaṣāyapākena cittameti vivekitām 41

41. maṇiḥ madhurakāṣeṇa yathā eti vimalātmatām
tathā kaṣāyapākena cittam eti vivekitām

41. yathā maṇiḥ madhurakāṣeṇa vimalātmatām eti
tathā cittam kaṣāyapākena vivekitām eti

41. Just as a jewel attains a state of purity through gentle rubbing, so too the mind attains discriminative wisdom through the purification of defilements.

41. כפי שאבן חן הופכת לזכה על ידי ליטוש עדין, כך הופכת החשיבה לבעלת אבחנה נכונה דרך הבשלת ניסיונות החיים והיטהרות מהרשמים.

Words meanings summery:

• मणिः (maṇiḥ) - jewel, gem, pearl

• मधुरकाषेण (madhurakāṣeṇa) - by gentle rubbing, by a soft touchstone

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which way

• एति (eti) - attains (goes, comes, attains, reaches)

• विमलात्मताम् (vimalātmatām) - the state of being pure, purity, spotlessness

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in the same way

• कषायपाकेन (kaṣāyapākena) - by the ripening of defilements, by the maturation of impurities, by the cleansing of passions

• चित्तम् (cittam) - mind, thought, consciousness

• एति (eti) - attains (goes, comes, attains, reaches)

• विवेकिताम् (vivekitām) - state of having discriminative wisdom, discernment, power of distinguishing

Words meanings and morphology

मणिः (maṇiḥ) - jewel, gem, pearl

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maṇi

maṇi - jewel, gem, pearl, bead

Note: Subject of 'eti'.

मधुरकाषेण (madhurakāṣeṇa) - by gentle rubbing, by a soft touchstone

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of madhurakāṣa

madhurakāṣa - gentle rubbing, soft touchstone, sweet test

Tatpuruṣa compound: madhura (sweet/gentle) + kāṣa (rubbing/test).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhura+kāṣa)

• madhura – sweet, pleasant, gentle, charming
  adjective (masculine)
• kāṣa – rubbing, friction, test, touchstone
  noun (masculine)
  From √kaṣ (to rub, test).
  Root: kaṣ (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means by which the jewel attains purity.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which way

(indeclinable)

Note: Corresponds with 'tathā'.

एति (eti) - attains (goes, comes, attains, reaches)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of i

Present Indicative

3rd singular active, Parasmaipada.

Root: i (class 2)

विमलात्मताम् (vimalātmatām) - the state of being pure, purity, spotlessness

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vimalātmatā

vimalātmatā - state of purity, spotlessness, unsullied nature

Tatpuruṣa compound: vimala (pure) + ātmatā (state of being).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vimala+ātmatā)

• vimala – spotless, pure, clean, clear
  adjective (masculine)
  From vi-mala (without dirt).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: mal
• ātmatā – state of being, nature, essence
  noun (feminine)
  Suffix -tā (feminine) denoting state or condition, added to ātman (self/essence).

Note: Object of 'eti'.

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in the same way

(indeclinable)

Note: Corresponds with 'yathā'.

कषायपाकेन (kaṣāyapākena) - by the ripening of defilements, by the maturation of impurities, by the cleansing of passions

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kaṣāyapāka

kaṣāyapāka - ripening of defilements, purification of impurities

Tatpuruṣa compound: kaṣāya (stain/impurity) + pāka (ripening/cooking).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kaṣāya+pāka)

• kaṣāya – stain, impurity, defilement, passion, astringent
  noun (masculine)
• pāka – ripening, cooking, digestion, maturation
  noun (masculine)
  From √pac (to cook, ripen).
  Root: pac (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means by which the mind attains discriminative wisdom.

चित्तम् (cittam) - mind, thought, consciousness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of citta

citta - mind, thought, consciousness, heart

From √cit (to perceive, think).

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'eti'.

एति (eti) - attains (goes, comes, attains, reaches)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of i

Present Indicative

3rd singular active, Parasmaipada.

Root: i (class 2)

विवेकिताम् (vivekitām) - state of having discriminative wisdom, discernment, power of distinguishing

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vivekitā

vivekitā - state of having discriminative wisdom, discernment, power of distinguishing

From vivekin (discriminating) + -tā (feminine suffix for state).

Note: Object of 'eti'.

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