योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-23, verse-24

पान्थ उवाच ।
भगवन्कोऽसि पूर्णात्मा महात्मा कथमात्मवान् ।
पश्यस्यनाकुलो लोकं ग्रामयात्रामिवाध्वगः ॥ २४ ॥

pāntha uvāca ,
bhagavanko'si pūrṇātmā mahātmā kathamātmavān ,
paśyasyanākulo lokaṃ grāmayātrāmivādhvagaḥ 24

24. pānthaḥ uvāca | bhagavan kaḥ asi pūrṇātmā mahātmā katham
ātmavān | paśyasi anākulaḥ lokam grāma-yātrām iva adhvagaḥ ||

24. pānthaḥ uvāca bhagavan,
kaḥ asi? (tvam) pūrṇātmā,
mahātmā (asi)! katham ātmavān (asi)? adhvagaḥ grāma-yātrām iva,
anākulaḥ lokam paśyasi

24. The traveler said: 'O revered one, who are you? You possess a complete self (pūrṇātman) and a great self (mahātman)! How are you so self-possessed (ātmavān)? You observe the world undisturbed, just as a traveler views a village journey.'

Words meanings summery:

• पान्थः (pānthaḥ) - the traveler (who is speaking) (traveler, wayfarer)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (verb for 'pānthaḥ') (said, spoke)

• भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one! (addressing the mendicant) (O revered one! O worshipful one!)

• कः (kaḥ) - who (are you?) (who)

• असि (asi) - you are (the verb in 'who are you?') (you are)

• पूर्णात्मा (pūrṇātmā) - one whose self (ātman) is full or complete (complete self, having a full (ātman))

• महात्मा (mahātmā) - one who has a great self (ātman), noble-minded (great-souled, great (ātman))

• कथम् (katham) - how (are you so?) (how, in what manner)

• आत्मवान् (ātmavān) - self-possessed (ātman), master of oneself (self-possessed, endowed with (ātman), wise)

• पश्यसि (paśyasi) - you see (the world) (you see, you perceive)

• अनाकुलः (anākulaḥ) - undisturbed, unagitated (undisturbed, calm, tranquil)

• लोकम् (lokam) - the world (as an object of observation) (world, people, realm)

• ग्राम-यात्राम् (grāma-yātrām) - a tour of villages (village journey, visit to a village)

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as if, as)

• अध्वगः (adhvagaḥ) - a traveler (who is casually observing) (traveler, wayfarer)

Words meanings and morphology

पान्थः (pānthaḥ) - the traveler (who is speaking) (traveler, wayfarer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāntha

pāntha - traveler, wayfarer, pedestrian

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (verb for 'pānthaḥ') (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of uvāca

Perfect Active

Perfect tense form of root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one! (addressing the mendicant) (O revered one! O worshipful one!)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - blessed, fortunate, glorious, divine, revered

Possessive adjective from 'bhaga' (fortune, excellence).

Note: Respectful address.

कः (kaḥ) - who (are you?) (who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

असि (asi) - you are (the verb in 'who are you?') (you are)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

Present Indicative

Root: as (class 2)

पूर्णात्मा (pūrṇātmā) - one whose self (ātman) is full or complete (complete self, having a full (ātman))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pūrṇātman

pūrṇātman - complete self, full (ātman)

Compound of 'pūrṇa' (full) and 'ātman' (self).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (pūrṇa+ātman)

• pūrṇa – full, complete, perfect
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root pṛ (to fill).
  Root: pṛ (class 9)
• ātman – self, soul, essence, spirit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'you'.

महात्मा (mahātmā) - one who has a great self (ātman), noble-minded (great-souled, great (ātman))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, sublime (ātman)

Compound of 'mahā' (great) and 'ātman' (self).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  Feminine stem of 'mahat'.
• ātman – self, soul, essence, spirit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'you'.

कथम् (katham) - how (are you so?) (how, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb.

आत्मवान् (ātmavān) - self-possessed (ātman), master of oneself (self-possessed, endowed with (ātman), wise)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātmavat

ātmavat - possessing (ātman), spiritual, self-controlled

Possessive suffix '-vat' added to 'ātman'.

Note: Predicate adjective for 'you'.

पश्यसि (paśyasi) - you see (the world) (you see, you perceive)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of paś

Present Indicative

Present stem of root dṛś (to see), with irregular change.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

अनाकुलः (anākulaḥ) - undisturbed, unagitated (undisturbed, calm, tranquil)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anākula

anākula - undisturbed, calm, unagitated

Compound of 'an-' (negation) and 'ākula' (agitated).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+ākula)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• ākula – agitated, disturbed, confused
  adjective
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kul (class 1)

Note: Adverbial modifier of 'paśyasi', agreeing with implied 'you'.

लोकम् (lokam) - the world (as an object of observation) (world, people, realm)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, realm, space

Root: lok (class 10)

Note: Object of 'paśyasi'.

ग्राम-यात्राम् (grāma-yātrām) - a tour of villages (village journey, visit to a village)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of grāma-yātrā

grāma-yātrā - village journey, visit to a village

Compound of 'grāma' (village) and 'yātrā' (journey, procession).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (grāma+yātrā)

• grāma – village, community
  noun (masculine)
• yātrā – journey, procession, pilgrimage
  noun (feminine)
  From root yā (to go).
  Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Object of comparison.

इव (iva) - just as (like, as if, as)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

अध्वगः (adhvagaḥ) - a traveler (who is casually observing) (traveler, wayfarer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhvaga

adhvaga - traveler, wayfarer

Compound of 'adhvan' (road, path) and '-ga' (going).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (adhvan+ga)

• adhvan – road, path, way
  noun (masculine)
• ga – going, moving
  adjective
  From root gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implied verb in the comparison.