योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-23, verse-25

किं त्वया पीतममृतं किं त्वं सम्राड्विराडथ ।
सर्वार्थरिक्तोऽपि चिरं संपूर्ण इव राजसे ॥ २५ ॥

kiṃ tvayā pītamamṛtaṃ kiṃ tvaṃ samrāḍvirāḍatha ,
sarvārtharikto'pi ciraṃ saṃpūrṇa iva rājase 25

25. kim tvayā pītam amṛtam kim tvam samrāṭ virāṭ atha |
sarvārtha-riktaḥ api ciram sampūrṇaḥ iva rājase ||

25. kim amṛtam tvayā pītam? kim tvam samrāṭ atha virāṭ (asi)? sarvārtha-riktaḥ api,
ciram sampūrṇaḥ iva rājase

25. What nectar have you drunk? Are you a universal sovereign or a cosmic being (virāṭ)? Even though you appear devoid of all worldly aims, you shine eternally as if perfectly complete.

25. האם שתית את משקה האלמוות (אַמְרִיתַה)? האם אתה מלך שליט או הישות הקוסמית (וִירָאט)? אף שאין לך רכוש גשמי, אתה זורח כמלא ושלם לחלוטין!

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - what (interrogative pronoun) (what, why, is it that?)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you (the mendicant) (by you)

• पीतम् (pītam) - drunk (by you) (drunk, imbibed)

• अमृतम् (amṛtam) - the water of immortality, nectar (nectar, immortality, ambrosia)

• किम् (kim) - is it that? (introducing a question) (what, is it that?)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (the mendicant) (you)

• सम्राट् (samrāṭ) - a universal sovereign (emperor, universal sovereign)

• विराट् (virāṭ) - a cosmic being (virāṭ), the manifest universe personified (cosmic being, universal form, supreme being)

• अथ (atha) - or (or, then, and)

• सर्वार्थ-रिक्तः (sarvārtha-riktaḥ) - devoid of all worldly aims or desires (devoid of all objects/purposes/wealth)

• अपि (api) - even though (also, even, although)

• चिरम् (ciram) - eternally, for a long duration (for a long time, eternally)

• सम्पूर्णः (sampūrṇaḥ) - perfectly complete (complete, full, perfect)

• इव (iva) - as if (like, as if, as)

• राजसे (rājase) - you shine (with a radiant presence) (you shine, you appear, you rule)

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - what (interrogative pronoun) (what, why, is it that?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative, agreeing with `amṛtam`.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you (the mendicant) (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Agent in passive construction.

पीतम् (pītam) - drunk (by you) (drunk, imbibed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pīta

pīta - drunk, imbibed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pā (to drink).

Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `amṛtam`.

अमृतम् (amṛtam) - the water of immortality, nectar (nectar, immortality, ambrosia)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of amṛta

amṛta - immortal, nectar, ambrosia

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root mṛ (to die) with negative prefix 'a-'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+mṛta)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• mṛta – dead, deceased
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Particple
  From root mṛ (to die).
  Root: mṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence with `pītam`.

किम् (kim) - is it that? (introducing a question) (what, is it that?)

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative particle.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (the mendicant) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Subject of implied `asi`.

सम्राट् (samrāṭ) - a universal sovereign (emperor, universal sovereign)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samrāj

samrāj - emperor, universal sovereign, supreme ruler

Compound of 'sam-' (together, thoroughly) and 'rāj' (to rule).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sam+rāj)

• sam – together, completely, thoroughly
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• rāj – ruler, king; to rule
  noun (masculine)
  From root rāj (to shine, to rule).
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'you'.

विराट् (virāṭ) - a cosmic being (virāṭ), the manifest universe personified (cosmic being, universal form, supreme being)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of virāj

virāj - shining forth, ruling, a cosmic being, universal form

Compound of 'vi-' (apart, extensively) and 'rāj' (to rule, shine).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vi+rāj)

• vi – apart, asunder, extensively
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• rāj – ruler, king; to rule
  noun (masculine)
  From root rāj (to shine, to rule).
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'you'.

अथ (atha) - or (or, then, and)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction for alternatives.

सर्वार्थ-रिक्तः (sarvārtha-riktaḥ) - devoid of all worldly aims or desires (devoid of all objects/purposes/wealth)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvārtha-rikta

sarvārtha-rikta - devoid of all objects, purposes, or wealth

Compound of 'sarva' (all), 'artha' (purpose, object), and 'rikta' (empty, devoid).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sarva+artha+rikta)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)
• rikta – empty, devoid, free from
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ric (to empty).
  Root: ric (class 7)

Note: Adjective modifying implied 'you'.

अपि (api) - even though (also, even, although)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to express concession.

चिरम् (ciram) - eternally, for a long duration (for a long time, eternally)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

सम्पूर्णः (sampūrṇaḥ) - perfectly complete (complete, full, perfect)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sampūrṇa

sampūrṇa - complete, full, perfect

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pṛ (to fill) with prefix 'sam-'.

Prefix: sam

Root: pṛ (class 9)

Note: Predicate adjective, modifying implied 'you'.

इव (iva) - as if (like, as if, as)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

राजसे (rājase) - you shine (with a radiant presence) (you shine, you appear, you rule)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of rāj

Present Indicative

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Middle voice implies the action is for the benefit of the agent.

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