योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-77, verse-31

न दयादैन्यमादत्ते न क्रौर्यमनुधावति ।
न लज्जामनुसंधत्ते नालज्जत्वं च गच्छति ॥ ३१ ॥

na dayādainyamādatte na krauryamanudhāvati ,
na lajjāmanusaṃdhatte nālajjatvaṃ ca gacchati 31

31. na dayādainyam ādatte na krauryam anudhāvati na
lajjām anusaṃdhatte na alajjatvam ca gacchati

31. saḥ dayādainyam na ādatte,
krauryam na anudhāvati,
lajjām na anusaṃdhatte,
ca alajjatvam na gacchati

31. He neither takes on a pitiable state, nor does he pursue cruelty. He neither clings to shame, nor does he fall into shamelessness.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• दयादैन्यम् (dayādainyam) - pitiable state, wretchedness due to pity

• आदत्ते (ādatte) - takes, accepts, assumes

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• क्रौर्यम् (krauryam) - cruelty, fierceness

• अनुधवति (anudhavati) - pursues, follows, runs after

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• लज्जाम् (lajjām) - shame, modesty, bashfulness

• अनुसंधत्ते (anusaṁdhatte) - clings to, fixes attention on (attends to, applies oneself to, fixes upon, connects)

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• अलज्जत्वम् (alajjatvam) - shamelessness, impudence

• च (ca) - and, also

• गच्छति (gacchati) - falls into, reaches a state of (goes, reaches, obtains, falls into)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

दयादैन्यम् (dayādainyam) - pitiable state, wretchedness due to pity

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dayādainya

dayādainya - pitiable state, wretchedness through compassion

Compound of dayā and dainya

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dayā+dainya)

• dayā – pity, compassion, sympathy
  noun (feminine)
• dainya – wretchedness, misery, humbleness, meanness, poverty
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from dīna (wretched) + ṣyaÑ

आदत्ते (ādatte) - takes, accepts, assumes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of dā

Present Middle Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Root dā (3rd class, juhotyādi) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Often means 'to take' with prefix ā.

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

क्रौर्यम् (krauryam) - cruelty, fierceness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kraurya

kraurya - cruelty, fierceness, harshness

Derived from krūra (cruel) + ṣyaÑ

अनुधवति (anudhavati) - pursues, follows, runs after

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dhāv

Present Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Root dhāv (1st class, bhvādi) with prefix anu.

Prefix: anu

Root: dhāv (class 1)

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

लज्जाम् (lajjām) - shame, modesty, bashfulness

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of lajjā

lajjā - shame, modesty, bashfulness

अनुसंधत्ते (anusaṁdhatte) - clings to, fixes attention on (attends to, applies oneself to, fixes upon, connects)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of dhā

Present Middle Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Root dhā (3rd class, juhotyādi) with prefixes anu and sam.

Prefixes: anu+sam

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Here implies 'clings to' or 'fixes attention on'.

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

अलज्जत्वम् (alajjatvam) - shamelessness, impudence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of alajjatva

alajjatva - shamelessness, impudence

Compound of 'a' (negation) and 'lajjatva' (state of shame).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+lajjatva)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  Negating prefix.
• lajjatva – state of shame, modesty
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from lajjā (shame) + tva (suffix for state/quality).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

गच्छति (gacchati) - falls into, reaches a state of (goes, reaches, obtains, falls into)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of gam

Present Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Root gam (1st class, bhvādi).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Here, implies 'falls into' or 'reaches a state of'.