योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-58, verse-39

कृपणं तु मनो राजन्पेलवेऽपि निमज्जति ।
कार्ये गोष्पदतोयेऽपि जीर्णाङ्गो मशको यथा ॥ ३९ ॥

kṛpaṇaṃ tu mano rājanpelave'pi nimajjati ,
kārye goṣpadatoye'pi jīrṇāṅgo maśako yathā 39

39. kṛpaṇam tu manaḥ rājan pelave api nimajjati
kārye goṣpadatoye api jīrṇāṅgaḥ maśakaḥ yathā

39. rājan tu kṛpaṇam manaḥ pelave kārye api
goṣpadatoye api nimajjati yathā jīrṇāṅgaḥ maśakaḥ

39. But, O king, a wretched mind (manas) sinks even in a trivial matter (kārya), even in the water of a shallow puddle (goṣpadatoya), just like a mosquito (maśaka) with a frail body.

Words meanings summery:

• कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - describing a mind that is weak or unenlightened (miserable, wretched, pitiable)

• तु (tu) - introduces a contrast with the previous verse's description of a great mind (but, on the other hand, however)

• मनः (manaḥ) - the unenlightened or weak mind (mind, intellect, heart)

• राजन् (rājan) - addresses the king (O king)

• पेलवे (pelave) - in a trivial or minor matter (in what is soft, weak, insignificant)

• अपि (api) - emphasizes that sinking occurs even in trivial matters (even, also)

• निमज्जति (nimajjati) - the weak mind is easily overwhelmed or absorbed (sinks, dives, is immersed)

• कार्ये (kārye) - in a task or affair, even a small one (in an action, work, matter)

• गोष्पदतोये (goṣpadatoye) - in an insignificant amount of water, symbolizing a minor difficulty (in the water of a cow's footprint, in a shallow puddle)

• अपि (api) - reinforces the idea that sinking happens in minimal adversity (even, also)

• जीर्णाङ्गः (jīrṇāṅgaḥ) - describing the mosquito with a fragile body (one whose body is worn out/frail)

• मशकः (maśakaḥ) - the weak mosquito, symbolizing the weak mind (mosquito)

• यथा (yathā) - introduces the comparison (just as, as, like)

Words meanings and morphology

कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - describing a mind that is weak or unenlightened (miserable, wretched, pitiable)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛpaṇa

kṛpaṇa - miserable, wretched, poor, stingy, weak

Root: kṛp (class 1)

Note: Adjective for manaḥ.

तु (tu) - introduces a contrast with the previous verse's description of a great mind (but, on the other hand, however)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

मनः (manaḥ) - the unenlightened or weak mind (mind, intellect, heart)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, understanding, conscience

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of the verb nimajjati.

राजन् (rājan) - addresses the king (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

पेलवे (pelave) - in a trivial or minor matter (in what is soft, weak, insignificant)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of pelava

pelava - soft, tender, delicate, weak, insignificant, trivial

अपि (api) - emphasizes that sinking occurs even in trivial matters (even, also)

(indeclinable)

निमज्जति (nimajjati) - the weak mind is easily overwhelmed or absorbed (sinks, dives, is immersed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of majj

Present Tense

Derived from root majj (class 6) with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: majj (class 6)

Note: Third person singular present active indicative.

कार्ये (kārye) - in a task or affair, even a small one (in an action, work, matter)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, duty, action, affair, task

Gerundive

Derived from root kṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

गोष्पदतोये (goṣpadatoye) - in an insignificant amount of water, symbolizing a minor difficulty (in the water of a cow's footprint, in a shallow puddle)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of goṣpadatoya

goṣpadatoya - water of a cow's footprint; shallow puddle

Compound: goṣpada-toya (tatpuruṣa)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (goṣpada+toya)

• goṣpada – cow's footprint, a shallow puddle
  noun (neuter)
  Compound: go-ṣpada.
• toya – water
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root tūya.
  Root: tūya

Note: Locative case.

अपि (api) - reinforces the idea that sinking happens in minimal adversity (even, also)

(indeclinable)

जीर्णाङ्गः (jīrṇāṅgaḥ) - describing the mosquito with a fragile body (one whose body is worn out/frail)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jīrṇāṅga

jīrṇāṅga - having a worn-out body, frail-bodied

Compound: jīrṇa-aṅga (bahuvrīhi)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jīrṇa+aṅga)

• jīrṇa – worn out, old, decrepit
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root jṛ.
  Root: jṛ (class 9)
• aṅga – body, limb, part
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective for maśakaḥ.

मशकः (maśakaḥ) - the weak mosquito, symbolizing the weak mind (mosquito)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maśaka

maśaka - mosquito, gnat

Note: Subject of the comparison.

यथा (yathā) - introduces the comparison (just as, as, like)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of comparison.