योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-58, verse-19

हा कष्टमेव निग्राह्यो नित्यानुग्राह्य एष मे ।
दिष्ट्याद्य सुखवानस्मि कष्टमद्यास्मि दुःखवान् ॥ १९ ॥

hā kaṣṭameva nigrāhyo nityānugrāhya eṣa me ,
diṣṭyādya sukhavānasmi kaṣṭamadyāsmi duḥkhavān 19

19. hā kaṣṭam eva nigrāhyaḥ nityānugrāhyaḥ eṣa me diṣṭyā
adya sukhavān asmi kaṣṭam adya asmi duḥkhavān

19. hā kaṣṭam eva me eṣa nityānugrāhyaḥ nigrāhyaḥ diṣṭyā
adya sukhavān asmi kaṣṭam adya duḥkhavān asmi

19. Alas, what a pity! This one, who should always be favored by me, must indeed be restrained. By destiny, today I am happy, but alas, today I am sorrowful.

Words meanings summery:

• हा (hā) - alas! (alas!, ah!, oh!)

• कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - what a pity! alas! (alas!, pity!, difficult, painful, miserable)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, just, only, certainly)

• निग्राह्यः (nigrāhyaḥ) - must be restrained (to be restrained, to be punished, worthy of punishment, capable of being controlled)

• नित्यानुग्राह्यः (nityānugrāhyaḥ) - who should always be favored (always to be favored, constantly to be obliged, perpetually to be shown grace)

• एष (eṣa) - this one (this one (masculine))

• मे (me) - by me (implied agent of gerundive) (my, to me, for me)

• दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - by destiny, fortunately (fortunately, by destiny, by good luck)

• अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

• सुखवान् (sukhavān) - happy (happy, joyful, possessing happiness)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am (I am, I exist)

• कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - alas! (alas!, pity!, difficult, painful, miserable)

• अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am (I am, I exist)

• दुःखवान् (duḥkhavān) - sorrowful (suffering, unhappy, possessing sorrow)

Words meanings and morphology

हा (hā) - alas! (alas!, ah!, oh!)

(indeclinable)

Note: Exclamation of sorrow.

कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - what a pity! alas! (alas!, pity!, difficult, painful, miserable)

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root कष् (kaṣ) 'to rub, to try, to test' with suffix क्त (kta). Often used as an indeclinable exclamation.

Root: kaṣ (class 1)

Note: Used as an interjection.

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, just, only, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

निग्राह्यः (nigrāhyaḥ) - must be restrained (to be restrained, to be punished, worthy of punishment, capable of being controlled)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nigrāhya

nigrāhya - to be restrained, to be punished, worthy of punishment, capable of being controlled

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Derived from root ग्रह् (grah) 'to seize' with prefix नि (ni) and suffix ण्यत् (ṇyat).

Prefix: ni

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Predicate adjective, implying 'asti'.

नित्यानुग्राह्यः (nityānugrāhyaḥ) - who should always be favored (always to be favored, constantly to be obliged, perpetually to be shown grace)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nityānugrāhya

nityānugrāhya - always to be favored, constantly to be obliged, perpetually to be shown grace

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Compound of नित्य (nitya) 'always' and अनुग्राह्य (anugrāhya) 'to be favored'.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (nitya+anugrāhya)

• nitya – constant, perpetual, eternal, always
  adjective (masculine)
• anugrāhya – to be favored, to be obliged, to be shown grace
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  Derived from root ग्रह् (grah) 'to seize' with prefix अनु (anu) and suffix ण्यत् (ṇyat).
  Prefix: anu
  Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Adjective describing 'eṣa'.

एष (eṣa) - this one (this one (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

Nominative singular masculine of 'etad'.

Note: Subject of the first clause, referring to the 'suffering being'.

मे (me) - by me (implied agent of gerundive) (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

Genitive/Dative singular of 'mad' (first person pronoun).

Note: Indicates the agent in passive constructions (e.g., 'by me').

दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - by destiny, fortunately (fortunately, by destiny, by good luck)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of diṣṭi

diṣṭi - destiny, fate, fortune, good luck

Instrumental singular of 'diṣṭi' (feminine).

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Adverbial use, 'by fortune'.

अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

सुखवान् (sukhavān) - happy (happy, joyful, possessing happiness)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sukhavat

sukhavat - happy, joyful, possessing happiness

Possessive adjective formed from sukha + matup suffix (vat).

Note: Predicate adjective to 'asmi'.

अस्मि (asmi) - I am (I am, I exist)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active Indicative

Root verb, present tense, 1st person singular.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Copula.

कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - alas! (alas!, pity!, difficult, painful, miserable)

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root कष् (kaṣ) 'to rub, to try, to test' with suffix क्त (kta). Often used as an indeclinable exclamation.

Root: kaṣ (class 1)

Note: Used as an interjection.

अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

अस्मि (asmi) - I am (I am, I exist)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active Indicative

Root verb, present tense, 1st person singular.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Copula.

दुःखवान् (duḥkhavān) - sorrowful (suffering, unhappy, possessing sorrow)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhavat

duḥkhavat - suffering, unhappy, possessing sorrow

Possessive adjective formed from duḥkha + matup suffix (vat).

Note: Predicate adjective to 'asmi'.