योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-58, verse-18

अथवा निग्रहं प्राप्तं करोम्येतेन वै विना ।
वर्तते न प्रजैवेयं विना वारि सरिद्यथा ॥ १८ ॥

athavā nigrahaṃ prāptaṃ karomyetena vai vinā ,
vartate na prajaiveyaṃ vinā vāri saridyathā 18

18. athavā nigraham prāptam karomi etena vai vinā
vartate na prajā eva iyam vinā vāri sarit yathā

18. athavā prāptam nigraham etena vai vinā karomi
iyam prajā eva na vartate yathā sarit vāri vinā

18. Or, alternatively, I shall inflict the necessary restraint, for indeed, without it, this populace cannot survive, just as a river cannot exist without water.

Words meanings summery:

• अथवा (athavā) - or, alternatively (or, alternatively, or else)

• निग्रहम् (nigraham) - restraint, punishment (restraint, control, punishment, suppression)

• प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - necessary, due (obtained, reached, acquired, proper, necessary)

• करोमि (karomi) - I inflict (I do, I make, I perform, I inflict)

• एतेन (etena) - by it (this restraint) (by this, with this, by means of this)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, truly, certainly)

• विना (vinā) - without (without, except, apart from)

• वर्तते (vartate) - can survive (exists, lives, continues, happens, turns)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• प्रजा (prajā) - populace (populace, people, progeny, creation)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, just, only, certainly)

• इयम् (iyam) - this (this (feminine))

• विना (vinā) - without (without, except, apart from)

• वारि (vāri) - water

• सरित् (sarit) - a river (river, stream)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, according to)

Words meanings and morphology

अथवा (athavā) - or, alternatively (or, alternatively, or else)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces an alternative course of action.

निग्रहम् (nigraham) - restraint, punishment (restraint, control, punishment, suppression)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nigraha

nigraha - restraint, control, punishment, suppression

Derived from root ग्रह् (grah) 'to seize' with prefix नि (ni).

Prefix: ni

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Object of 'karomi'.

प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - necessary, due (obtained, reached, acquired, proper, necessary)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, acquired, proper, necessary, fitting

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root आप् (āp) 'to obtain' with prefix प्र (pra) and suffix क्त (kta).

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Adjective modifying 'nigraham'.

करोमि (karomi) - I inflict (I do, I make, I perform, I inflict)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present Active Indicative

Class 8 verb (tanādi), present tense, 1st person singular.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Implied subject is 'I'.

एतेन (etena) - by it (this restraint) (by this, with this, by means of this)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

Instrumental singular masculine/neuter of 'etad'.

Note: Governed by 'vinā'.

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, truly, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

विना (vinā) - without (without, except, apart from)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used twice in the verse.

वर्तते (vartate) - can survive (exists, lives, continues, happens, turns)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Present Middle Indicative

Class 1 verb (bhavādi), present tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Its subject is 'prajā iyam'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

प्रजा (prajā) - populace (populace, people, progeny, creation)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prajā

prajā - populace, people, progeny, creation, subject

Derived from root जन् (jan) 'to be born' with prefix प्र (pra).

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'vartate'.

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, just, only, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

इयम् (iyam) - this (this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this

Nominative singular feminine of 'idam'.

Note: Modifies 'prajā'.

विना (vinā) - without (without, except, apart from)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used twice in the verse.

वारि (vāri) - water

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vāri

vāri - water

Note: Object of 'vinā'.

सरित् (sarit) - a river (river, stream)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sarit

sarit - river, stream

Derived from root सṛ (sṛ) 'to flow'.

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implied 'vartate na' in the simile.

यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, according to)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle for comparison.