योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-58, verse-32

कोऽहं कथमिदं किंवा कथं मरणजन्मनी ।
विचारयान्तरेवं त्वं महत्तामलमेष्यसि ॥ ३२ ॥

ko'haṃ kathamidaṃ kiṃvā kathaṃ maraṇajanmanī ,
vicārayāntarevaṃ tvaṃ mahattāmalameṣyasi 32

32. kaḥ aham katham idam kim vā katham maraṇajanmanī
vicāraya antare evam tvam mahattām alam eṣyasi

32. tvam antaḥ evam vicāraya kaḥ aham idam katham kim vā
maraṇajanmanī katham (bhavataḥ) (tatas) mahattām alam eṣyasi

32. Who am I? How is this (world)? Or what is this? How do birth and death (saṃsāra) occur? By reflecting thus internally, you will certainly attain true greatness (mahattā).

Words meanings summery:

• कः (kaḥ) - who

• अहम् (aham) - I

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• इदम् (idam) - this, this world

• किम् (kim) - what

• वा (vā) - or, either

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• मरणजन्मनी (maraṇajanmanī) - Refers to the cycle of repeated births and deaths (saṃsāra). (birth and death (cycle of existence))

• विचारय (vicāraya) - investigate, reflect, ponder

• अन्तरे (antare) - in the middle, within, internally

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• महत्ताम् (mahattām) - true greatness (of character/understanding) (greatness, majesty, importance)

• अलम् (alam) - certainly (emphasizing the outcome) (sufficiently, enough, truly, certainly)

• एष्यसि (eṣyasi) - you will go, you will attain, you will reach

Words meanings and morphology

कः (kaḥ) - who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of mad

mad - I

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this, this world

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

किम् (kim) - what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

मरणजन्मनी (maraṇajanmanī) - Refers to the cycle of repeated births and deaths (saṃsāra). (birth and death (cycle of existence))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, dual of maraṇajanman

maraṇajanman - birth and death, the cycle of transmigration

Compound type : dvandva (maraṇa+janman)

• maraṇa – death, dying
  noun (neuter)
  Root: mṛ (class 1)
• janman – birth, origin, existence
  noun (neuter)
  Root: jan (class 4)

विचारय (vicāraya) - investigate, reflect, ponder

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vi-car

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

अन्तरे (antare) - in the middle, within, internally

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of antara

antara - interior, middle, interval, within

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

महत्ताम् (mahattām) - true greatness (of character/understanding) (greatness, majesty, importance)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahattā

mahattā - greatness, majesty, importance

Derived from 'mahat' (great) with suffix '-tā'

अलम् (alam) - certainly (emphasizing the outcome) (sufficiently, enough, truly, certainly)

(indeclinable)

एष्यसि (eṣyasi) - you will go, you will attain, you will reach

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of i

Root: i (class 2)