योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-58, verse-10

कैलासपादारण्यानां रुद्राक्षैस्तरुगुल्मकैः ।
वसन्ति घूकवत्क्षुद्रास्ते वै निकटजीविनः ॥ १० ॥

kailāsapādāraṇyānāṃ rudrākṣaistarugulmakaiḥ ,
vasanti ghūkavatkṣudrāste vai nikaṭajīvinaḥ 10

10. kailāsapādāraṇyānām rudrākṣaiḥ tarugulmakaiḥ
vasanti ghūkavat kṣudrāḥ te vai nikaṭajīvinaḥ

10. te nikaṭajīvinaḥ kṣudrāḥ vai kailāsapādāraṇyānām
rudrākṣaiḥ tarugulmakaiḥ ghūkavat vasanti

10. Indeed, those insignificant ones, who live in close proximity, dwell like owls amidst the rudraksha trees and other shrubs in the forests at the foot of Kailasa.

Words meanings summery:

• कैलासपादारण्यानाम् (kailāsapādāraṇyānām) - of the forests at the foot of Kailasa

• रुद्राक्षैः (rudrākṣaiḥ) - by rudraksha trees/berries

• तरुगुल्मकैः (tarugulmakaiḥ) - by trees and bushes, by shrubs

• वसन्ति (vasanti) - they dwell, they live

• घूकवत् (ghūkavat) - like owls

• क्षुद्राः (kṣudrāḥ) - lowly, insignificant, small, mean

• ते (te) - they, those

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely (emphasizing particle)

• निकटजीविनः (nikaṭajīvinaḥ) - living nearby, close inhabitants, neighbors

Words meanings and morphology

कैलासपादारण्यानाम् (kailāsapādāraṇyānām) - of the forests at the foot of Kailasa

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of kailāsapādāraṇya

kailāsapādāraṇya - forest at the foot of Mount Kailasa

Compound type : tatpurusha (kailāsa+pāda+araṇya)

• kailāsa – Mount Kailasa (a sacred mountain in the Himalayas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• pāda – foot, base
  noun (masculine)
• araṇya – forest, wilderness
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies the location of dwelling.

रुद्राक्षैः (rudrākṣaiḥ) - by rudraksha trees/berries

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rudrākṣa

rudrākṣa - rudraksha tree, rudraksha berry (often used as beads)

Compound type : tatpurusha (rudra+akṣa)

• rudra – a name of Shiva, terrible
  proper noun (masculine)
• akṣa – eye, seed
  noun (neuter)

Note: Describes the environment.

तरुगुल्मकैः (tarugulmakaiḥ) - by trees and bushes, by shrubs

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tarugulmaka

tarugulmaka - tree and bush, shrub

Compound type : dvandva (taru+gulmaka)

• taru – tree
  noun (masculine)
• gulmaka – bush, shrub
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes the environment.

वसन्ति (vasanti) - they dwell, they live

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of vas

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: The main verb.

घूकवत् (ghūkavat) - like owls

(indeclinable)

formed with the suffix -vat, indicating similarity

Compound type : tatpurusha (ghūka+vat)

• ghūka – owl
  noun (masculine)
• vat – like, as, similar to
  indeclinable
  indeclinable suffix denoting similarity

Note: Simile for how they live.

क्षुद्राः (kṣudrāḥ) - lowly, insignificant, small, mean

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣudra

kṣudra - small, minute, insignificant, mean, lowly

Note: Agrees with `te` and `nikaṭajīvinaḥ`.

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Kirātas.

वै (vai) - indeed, surely (emphasizing particle)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adds emphasis.

निकटजीविनः (nikaṭajīvinaḥ) - living nearby, close inhabitants, neighbors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nikaṭajīvin

nikaṭajīvin - living nearby, close inhabitant, neighbor

Compound type : tatpurusha (nikaṭa+jīvin)

• nikaṭa – near, proximity, vicinity
  noun (neuter)
• jīvin – living, inhabitant, one who lives
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun (suffix -in)
  derived from root jīv (to live)
  Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `te`.