योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-57, verse-39

एतदर्थमबुद्धीनां यन्महासमरक्रियाः ।
तन्मन्ये राम धिक्कार्यं द्वन्द्वलक्षक्षयावहम् ॥ ३९ ॥

etadarthamabuddhīnāṃ yanmahāsamarakriyāḥ ,
tanmanye rāma dhikkāryaṃ dvandvalakṣakṣayāvaham 39

39. etadartham abuddhīnām yat mahāsamarakriyāḥ tat
manye rāma dhikkāryam dvandvalakṣakṣayāvaham

39. rāma,
abuddhīnām yat mahāsamarakriyāḥ,
tat dvandvalakṣakṣayāvaham dhikkāryam manye.

39. O Rama, I consider that which the unintelligent undertake as great acts of war to be contemptible, for it brings about the destruction of countless pairs of lives.

Words meanings summery:

• एतदर्थम् (etadartham) - for this purpose, for this reason

• अबुद्धीनाम् (abuddhīnām) - of the unintelligent, of the ignorant

• यत् (yat) - which, that which

• महासमरक्रियाः (mahāsamarakriyāḥ) - great acts of war, great wartime activities

• तत् (tat) - that

• मन्ये (manye) - I consider, I think

• राम (rāma) - O Rama

• धिक्कार्यम् (dhikkāryam) - blameworthy, contemptible, deplorable

• द्वन्द्वलक्षक्षयावहम् (dvandvalakṣakṣayāvaham) - causing the destruction of millions of pairs (or dualities)

Words meanings and morphology

एतदर्थम् (etadartham) - for this purpose, for this reason

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpurusha (etas+artha)

• etas – this, that
  pronoun
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used as an adverb here.

अबुद्धीनाम् (abuddhīnām) - of the unintelligent, of the ignorant

(adjective)

Genitive, plural of abuddhi

abuddhi - unintelligent, ignorant, foolish

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+buddhi)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, discernment
  noun (feminine)
  from root budh (to know, understand)
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Adjective used as a noun, referring to 'those who are unintelligent'.

यत् (yat) - which, that which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Refers to kriyāḥ.

महासमरक्रियाः (mahāsamarakriyāḥ) - great acts of war, great wartime activities

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of mahāsamarakriyā

mahāsamarakriyā - great acts of war

Compound type : karmadhāraya then tatpurusha (mahā+samara+kriyā)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• samara – war, battle, conflict
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: r̥
• kriyā – action, deed, activity
  noun (feminine)
  from root kr̥ (to do, make)
  Root: kr̥ (class 8)

Note: Predicate nominative for yat or subject of an implied verb.

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Refers back to yat mahāsamarakriyāḥ.

मन्ये (manye) - I consider, I think

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of man

Present Tense

Root verb, Atmanepada.

Root: man (class 8)

Note: First person singular, Atmanepada.

राम (rāma) - O Rama

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of a prominent deity in Hinduism)

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Addressed to Rama.

धिक्कार्यम् (dhikkāryam) - blameworthy, contemptible, deplorable

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhikkārya

dhikkārya - blameworthy, contemptible

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

From 'dhik' (interjection of blame) + root kṛ (to do, make) + suffix ṇyat or yat.

Root: kr̥ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with tat.

द्वन्द्वलक्षक्षयावहम् (dvandvalakṣakṣayāvaham) - causing the destruction of millions of pairs (or dualities)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dvandvalakṣakṣayāvaha

dvandvalakṣakṣayāvaha - causing the destruction of millions of pairs

Compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvandvalakṣa-kṣaya) then upapada (kṣayāvaha) (dvandva+lakṣa+kṣaya+āvaha)

• dvandva – pair, duality, conflict
  noun (neuter)
• lakṣa – hundred thousand, million, target
  noun (neuter)
  Root: lakṣ (class 10)
• kṣaya – destruction, decay, loss
  noun (masculine)
  From root kṣi (to destroy, perish)
  Root: kṣi (class 5)
• āvaha – bringing, causing, producing
  adjective
  From ā + root vah (to carry).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with tat.

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