योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-57, verse-1

श्रीराम उवाच ।
सत्यमेतत्त्वया ब्रह्मन्यदुक्तं सूक्तिसुन्दरम् ।
अकर्तैव हि कर्तात्मा भोक्ताभोक्तैव भूतकृत् ॥ १ ॥

śrīrāma uvāca ,
satyametattvayā brahmanyaduktaṃ sūktisundaram ,
akartaiva hi kartātmā bhoktābhoktaiva bhūtakṛt 1

1. śrīrāma uvāca satyam etat tvayā brahman yat uktam sūkti
sundaram akartā eva hi kartā ātmā bhoktā abhoktā eva bhūtakṛt

1. śrīrāma uvāca.
brahman! tvayā yat uktam etat sūkti sundaram satyam (asti).
hi (yasmāt) akartā eva ātmā kartā (bhavati),
(tathā) abhoktā eva (saḥ) bhūtakṛt (bhavati).

1. Śrī Rāma said: O Brāhmaṇa, this truth (satyam) that you have spoken is indeed beautifully expressed. Truly, the self (ātman), though essentially a non-doer, is [also understood as] the doer; and the enjoyer, though essentially a non-enjoyer, is indeed the creator of all beings.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीराम (śrīrāma) - Śrī Rāma (proper name) (Lord Rāma, auspicious Rāma)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truth (truth, reality, true)

• एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the truth) (this (neuter))

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brāhmaṇa (addressing the sage Vasiṣṭha) (O Brāhmaṇa, O Brahmā (vocative))

• यत् (yat) - which (relative pronoun) (which, what (neuter))

• उक्तम् (uktam) - spoken, said (spoken, said, stated)

• सूक्ति (sūkti) - well-expressed saying, good speech (good saying, wise saying, elegant speech)

• सुन्दरम् (sundaram) - beautifully (expressed) (beautiful, lovely, handsome)

• अकर्ता (akartā) - the non-doer (non-doer, one who does not act)

• एव (eva) - indeed, precisely (only, just, indeed, precisely)

• हि (hi) - indeed, truly (indeed, surely, for, because)

• कर्ता (kartā) - the doer (doer, maker, agent)

• आत्मा (ātmā) - the self (ātman), the soul (self, soul, spirit, ultimate reality (ātman))

• भोक्ता (bhoktā) - the enjoyer, the experiencer (enjoyer, experiencer, consumer)

• अभोक्ता (abhoktā) - the non-enjoyer (non-enjoyer, one who does not experience)

• एव (eva) - indeed, precisely (only, just, indeed, precisely)

• भूतकृत् (bhūtakṛt) - the creator of all beings (creator of beings, creator of elements)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीराम (śrīrāma) - Śrī Rāma (proper name) (Lord Rāma, auspicious Rāma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīrāma

śrīrāma - Śrī Rāma

śrī (auspicious) + rāma (Rāma).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śrī+rāma)

• śrī – prosperity, wealth, glory, beauty, auspiciousness
  noun (feminine)
• rāma – Rāma, delightful, pleasing
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active indicative

From root vac (to speak), perfect tense (lit).

Root: vac (class 2)

सत्यम् (satyam) - truth (truth, reality, true)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, true, real, honest

From sat (being, truth).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Can be considered predicate nominative to implied 'is'.

एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the truth) (this (neuter))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to satyam.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular/plural)

Second person pronoun.

Note: Agent of uktam.

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brāhmaṇa (addressing the sage Vasiṣṭha) (O Brāhmaṇa, O Brahmā (vocative))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brāhmaṇa, Brahmā (creator god), sacred word, ultimate reality (Brahman)

Masculine (for Brāhmaṇa/Brahmā) or neuter (for ultimate reality).

Root: bṛh (class 1)

Note: Addressed to Vasiṣṭha.

यत् (yat) - which (relative pronoun) (which, what (neuter))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what

Relative pronoun.

Note: Refers to satyam.

उक्तम् (uktam) - spoken, said (spoken, said, stated)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, stated, expressed

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with yat.

सूक्ति (sūkti) - well-expressed saying, good speech (good saying, wise saying, elegant speech)

(noun)

feminine, singular of sūkti

sūkti - good saying, wise saying, elegant speech, aphorism

su (good) + ukti (saying, from root vac).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+ukti)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• ukti – speech, saying, statement
  noun (feminine)
  From root vac (to speak) + suffix -ti.
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Used as first member of a Tatpuruṣa or Karmadhāraya compound.

सुन्दरम् (sundaram) - beautifully (expressed) (beautiful, lovely, handsome)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sundara

sundara - beautiful, lovely, handsome, excellent

Note: Agrees with satyam.

अकर्ता (akartā) - the non-doer (non-doer, one who does not act)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akartṛ

akartṛ - non-doer, one who does not act, inactive

Negative compound a + kartṛ.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kartṛ)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• kartṛ – doer, maker, agent, creator
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root kṛ (to do) + suffix -tṛ.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate for ātman.

एव (eva) - indeed, precisely (only, just, indeed, precisely)

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, truly (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Particle introducing explanation or emphasis.

कर्ता (kartā) - the doer (doer, maker, agent)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kartṛ

kartṛ - doer, maker, agent, creator

Agent noun

From root kṛ (to do) + suffix -tṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate nominative for ātman.

आत्मा (ātmā) - the self (ātman), the soul (self, soul, spirit, ultimate reality (ātman))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, life, ultimate reality, Brahman

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Subject.

भोक्ता (bhoktā) - the enjoyer, the experiencer (enjoyer, experiencer, consumer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhoktṛ

bhoktṛ - enjoyer, experiencer, consumer, feeder

Agent noun

From root bhuj (to enjoy, eat) + suffix -tṛ.

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Predicate nominative for implied 'he'.

अभोक्ता (abhoktā) - the non-enjoyer (non-enjoyer, one who does not experience)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhoktṛ

abhoktṛ - non-enjoyer, one who does not experience

Negative compound a + bhoktṛ.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+bhoktṛ)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• bhoktṛ – enjoyer, experiencer, consumer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root bhuj (to enjoy, eat) + suffix -tṛ.
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Predicate.

एव (eva) - indeed, precisely (only, just, indeed, precisely)

(indeclinable)

भूतकृत् (bhūtakṛt) - the creator of all beings (creator of beings, creator of elements)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhūtakṛt

bhūtakṛt - creator of beings, creator of elements, creator of existence

Agent noun (kṛt suffix)

bhūta (being, element) + kṛt (maker, creator, from root kṛ).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūta+kṛt)

• bhūta – being, creature, element, past, happened
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhū (to be).
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• kṛt – maker, doer, creator, producing
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root kṛ (to do/make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate.