योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-57, verse-11

वृथा भवति बालेषु यथा रागमयी कथा ।
निरर्थकाल्पबोधेषु तथोदारोदया कथा ॥ ११ ॥

vṛthā bhavati bāleṣu yathā rāgamayī kathā ,
nirarthakālpabodheṣu tathodārodayā kathā 11

11. vṛthā bhavati bāleṣu yathā rāgamayī kathā |
nirarthaka-alpa-bodheṣu tathā udāra-udayā kathā ||

11. yathā rāgamayī kathā bāleṣu vṛthā bhavati,
tathā udāra-udayā kathā nirarthaka-alpa-bodheṣu (api) (vṛthā) bhavati.

11. Just as a romantic tale is wasted on children, similarly, a discourse of noble and profound nature is wasted on those with little and meaningless understanding.

11. כשם שסיפור של תשוקה הוא עקר בקרב ילדים רכים, כך שיח של תובנה נעלה הוא חסר ערך עבור בעלי הבנה מועטה.

Words meanings summery:

• वृथा (vṛthā) - in vain, wasted (in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly)

• भवति (bhavati) - is, becomes (becomes, is, exists)

• बालेषु (bāleṣu) - on children (figuratively for the immature/ignorant) (among children, among the ignorant)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in what manner)

• रागमयी (rāgamayī) - romantic, emotional (full of passion, emotional, romantic, colored with emotion)

• कथा (kathā) - a story, a discourse (a story, tale, discourse, narrative)

• निरर्थक-अल्प-बोधेषु (nirarthaka-alpa-bodheṣu) - among those with meaningless and little understanding

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (so, thus, similarly)

• उदार-उदया (udāra-udayā) - of noble and profound nature (referring to a discourse) (of noble/great arising/outcome/nature)

• कथा (kathā) - a story, a discourse (a story, tale, discourse, narrative)

Words meanings and morphology

वृथा (vṛthā) - in vain, wasted (in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly)

(indeclinable)

From vṛt (to turn, exist) + thā (suffix).

Root: vṛt (class 1)

भवति (bhavati) - is, becomes (becomes, is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present active indicative

Root bhū, 1st conjugation, parasmaipada.

Root: bhū (class 1)

बालेषु (bāleṣu) - on children (figuratively for the immature/ignorant) (among children, among the ignorant)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of bāla

bāla - child, boy, young, ignorant, foolish

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

रागमयी (rāgamayī) - romantic, emotional (full of passion, emotional, romantic, colored with emotion)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rāgamaya

rāgamaya - consisting of or pervaded by passion/emotion/color

From rāga (color, passion, emotion) + mayat (suffix for 'full of').

Note: Agrees with kathā.

कथा (kathā) - a story, a discourse (a story, tale, discourse, narrative)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kathā

kathā - story, tale, narrative, speech

From root kath (to tell, speak).

Root: kath (class 10)

निरर्थक-अल्प-बोधेषु (nirarthaka-alpa-bodheṣu) - among those with meaningless and little understanding

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of nirarthaka-alpa-bodha

nirarthaka-alpa-bodha - having meaningless and little understanding

Compound of nirarthaka (meaningless), alpa (little), and bodha (understanding).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (nirarthaka+alpa+bodha)

• nirarthaka – meaningless, useless, without purpose
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound: nir (without) + arthaka (meaning).
  Prefix: nir
• alpa – little, small, few
  adjective (masculine)
• bodha – understanding, knowledge
  noun (masculine)
  From root budh (to know, understand).
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Used adjectivally to describe persons in locative plural.

तथा (tathā) - similarly (so, thus, similarly)

(indeclinable)

उदार-उदया (udāra-udayā) - of noble and profound nature (referring to a discourse) (of noble/great arising/outcome/nature)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of udāra-udaya

udāra-udaya - having a noble origin or grand outcome; of noble nature

Compound of udāra (noble, generous) and udaya (rising, origin, prosperity, outcome).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (udāra+udaya)

• udāra – noble, generous, excellent
  adjective (masculine)
• udaya – rising, dawn, origin, prosperity
  noun (masculine)
  From root i (to go) with prefix ud.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with kathā.

कथा (kathā) - a story, a discourse (a story, tale, discourse, narrative)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kathā

kathā - story, tale, narrative, speech

From root kath (to tell, speak).

Root: kath (class 10)

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