योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-57, verse-33

इदं हेयमुपादेयमिदमित्यसदुत्थितौ ।
निश्चयौ गलितौ यस्य ज्ञस्यासावतिदुर्लभः ॥ ३३ ॥

idaṃ heyamupādeyamidamityasadutthitau ,
niścayau galitau yasya jñasyāsāvatidurlabhaḥ 33

33. idam heyam upādeyam idam iti asadutsthitau
niścayau galitau yasya jñasya asau atidurlabhaḥ

33. yasya jñasya idam heyam idam upādeyam iti
asadutsthitau niścayau galitau asau atidurlabhaḥ

33. The one in whom the dualistic notions of 'this is to be rejected' and 'this is to be accepted' (which arise from non-reality) have vanished – such a knower (jña) is exceedingly rare.

Words meanings summery:

• इदम् (idam) - this (neut. sing. nom./acc.) (this, here)

• हेयम् (heyam) - to be rejected (to be abandoned, to be rejected, objectionable)

• उपादेयम् (upādeyam) - to be accepted (to be accepted, to be adopted, desirable)

• इदम् (idam) - this (neut. sing. nom./acc.) (this, here)

• इति (iti) - thus (marking a quote or a concept) (thus, so, in this manner (quotation marker))

• असदुत्स्थितौ (asadutsthitau) - arising from non-reality (asat) (arising from the unreal, originating from non-existence)

• निश्चयौ (niścayau) - two dualistic notions/convictions (two determinations, two certainties, two convictions)

• गलितौ (galitau) - have vanished (fallen, dropped, vanished, melted away)

• यस्य (yasya) - whose (whose, of which)

• ज्ञस्य (jñasya) - of the knower (of the knower, of the wise one)

• असौ (asau) - such a knower (that one, he, she)

• अतिदुर्लभः (atidurlabhaḥ) - exceedingly rare (very rare, exceedingly difficult to obtain)

Words meanings and morphology

इदम् (idam) - this (neut. sing. nom./acc.) (this, here)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here, these

Note: Refers to a conceptual object.

हेयम् (heyam) - to be rejected (to be abandoned, to be rejected, objectionable)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of heya

heya - to be abandoned, to be avoided, objectionable

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Derived from root hā (to abandon) with suffix -ya.

Root: hā (class 3)

उपादेयम् (upādeyam) - to be accepted (to be accepted, to be adopted, desirable)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of upādeya

upādeya - to be accepted, to be adopted, desirable, worthy of adoption

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Derived from upa (prefix) + ā (prefix) + root dā (to give) with suffix -ya.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: dā (class 1)

इदम् (idam) - this (neut. sing. nom./acc.) (this, here)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here, these

Note: Refers to a conceptual object.

इति (iti) - thus (marking a quote or a concept) (thus, so, in this manner (quotation marker))

(indeclinable)

Particle used to mark quotations, statements, or conclusions.

असदुत्स्थितौ (asadutsthitau) - arising from non-reality (asat) (arising from the unreal, originating from non-existence)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of asadutthita

asadutthita - risen from the unreal, originating from non-being

Compound: asat (unreal, non-existent) + utthita (risen, arisen).

Compound type : tatpurusha (asat+utthita)

• asat – unreal, non-existent, evil, false, non-being
  adjective/noun (neuter)
  Negation of sat (existent, real).
• utthita – risen, arisen, standing up, produced, appeared
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root sthā (to stand) with prefix ud (up).
  Prefix: ud
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Modifies niścayau.

निश्चयौ (niścayau) - two dualistic notions/convictions (two determinations, two certainties, two convictions)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of niścaya

niścaya - determination, certainty, conviction, firm resolve

Derived from nis (prefix) + ci (to perceive, arrange).

Prefix: nis

Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Subject of the clause 'have vanished'.

गलितौ (galitau) - have vanished (fallen, dropped, vanished, melted away)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of galita

galita - fallen, dropped, vanished, melted, perished

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root gal (to drop, fall, melt).

Root: gal (class 1)

यस्य (yasya) - whose (whose, of which)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who, that

Note: Refers to jñasya.

ज्ञस्य (jñasya) - of the knower (of the knower, of the wise one)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jña

jña - knower, wise, intelligent, conscious

Derived from root jñā (to know).

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: The possessor of the niścayau.

असौ (asau) - such a knower (that one, he, she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, that one, yonder

Note: Refers to the jña (knower).

अतिदुर्लभः (atidurlabhaḥ) - exceedingly rare (very rare, exceedingly difficult to obtain)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atidurlabha

atidurlabha - very difficult to obtain, exceedingly rare, very scarce

Compound: ati (exceedingly) + dur (difficult) + labha (obtainable).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ati+durlabha)

• ati – over, beyond, exceeding, very
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating excess or intensivity.
• durlabha – difficult to obtain, rare, scarce
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound of dur (difficult) + labha (obtainable, from root labh).
  Prefix: dur
  Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for asau.