योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-53, verse-5

असदप्युत्थितारम्भमवस्तुमयमाततम् ।
संसारसंस्थानमिदमेवमाकथितं मया ॥ ५ ॥

asadapyutthitārambhamavastumayamātatam ,
saṃsārasaṃsthānamidamevamākathitaṃ mayā 5

5. asat api utthita-ārambham avastu-mayam ātatam
saṃsāra-saṃsthānam idam evam ākathitam mayā

5. mayā idam saṃsāra-saṃsthānam asat api
utthita-ārambham avastu-mayam ātatam evam ākathitam

5. This constitution (saṃsthāna) of the cycle of transmigration (saṃsāra) – which, though unreal, has an arisen beginning, consists of non-things, and is extended – has thus been described by me.

Words meanings summery:

• असत् (asat) - unreal, non-existent, false

• अपि (api) - even though (even, also, too)

• उत्थित-आरम्भम् (utthita-ārambham) - having an arisen beginning, whose beginning has arisen

• अवस्तु-मयम् (avastu-mayam) - consisting of non-things, unreal, illusory

• आततम् (ātatam) - extended, spread, pervading

• संसार-संस्थानम् (saṁsāra-saṁsthānam) - the constitution of saṃsāra, the framework of existence

• इदम् (idam) - this

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• आकथितम् (ākathitam) - told, described, narrated

• मया (mayā) - by me

Words meanings and morphology

असत् (asat) - unreal, non-existent, false

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of asat

asat - non-existent, unreal, false, bad

Present Active Participle (negative of `sat`)

From `a-` (negation) + `sat` (present active participle of `√as`, to be)

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+sat)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• sat – being, existing, real, true
  adjective (neuter)
  Present Active Participle
  from `√as` (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Qualifies `saṃsāra-saṃsthānam`.

अपि (api) - even though (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

conjunction/particle

उत्थित-आरम्भम् (utthita-ārambham) - having an arisen beginning, whose beginning has arisen

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of utthita-ārambha

utthita-ārambha - having an arisen beginning, whose start has risen

Bahuvrihi compound. `utthita` (arisen) + `ārambha` (beginning).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (utthita+ārambha)

• utthita – arisen, standing up, originated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from `ud-√sthā`
  Prefix: ud
  Root: sthā (class 1)
• ārambha – beginning, start, enterprise
  noun (masculine)
  from `ā-√rabh`
  Prefix: ā
  Root: rabh (class 1)

अवस्तु-मयम् (avastu-mayam) - consisting of non-things, unreal, illusory

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of avastu-maya

avastu-maya - consisting of non-things, unreal, illusory, immaterial

compound of `a` (negation) + `vastu` (thing) + `maya` (consisting of). `avastu` (non-thing) + `maya` (consisting of).

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+vastu+maya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• vastu – thing, object, substance, reality
  noun (neuter)
• maya – consisting of, made of, full of
  suffix/adjective (neuter)
  suffix forming adjectives meaning 'made of' or 'consisting of'

आततम् (ātatam) - extended, spread, pervading

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ātata

ātata - extended, spread out, pervading, vast

Past Passive Participle

from `ā-√tan` (to stretch, extend)

Prefix: ā

Root: tan (class 8)

संसार-संस्थानम् (saṁsāra-saṁsthānam) - the constitution of saṃsāra, the framework of existence

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṃsāra-saṃsthāna

saṁsāra-saṁsthāna - the constitution/arrangement/state of the cycle of transmigration (saṃsāra); the nature of worldly existence

Tatpurusha compound. `saṃsāra` (transmigration) + `saṃsthāna` (constitution, form, state).

Compound type : tatpurusha (saṃsāra+saṃsthāna)

• saṃsāra – transmigration, cycle of rebirth, worldly existence (saṃsāra)
  noun (masculine)
  from `sam-√sṛ`
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sṛ (class 1)
• saṃsthāna – constitution, arrangement, form, state, structure
  noun (neuter)
  from `sam-√sthā` (to stand together, to constitute)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: The main subject of the sentence.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

demonstrative pronoun, nominative singular neuter

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

adverb

Note: Modifies `ākathitam`.

आकथितम् (ākathitam) - told, described, narrated

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ākathita

ākathita - told, related, described, narrated

Past Passive Participle

from `ā-√kath` (to tell)

Prefix: ā

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Acts as a predicate, "has been told".

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of mad

mad - I, me

first person pronoun, instrumental singular