योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-53, verse-2

पुत्र उवाच ।
कोऽसौ खोत्थ इति ख्यातो भूपस्तातोत्तमाकृतिः ।
कथितं च किमेतन्मे त्वयेति ब्रूहि तत्त्वतः ॥ २ ॥

putra uvāca ,
ko'sau khottha iti khyāto bhūpastātottamākṛtiḥ ,
kathitaṃ ca kimetanme tvayeti brūhi tattvataḥ 2

2. putra uvāca kaḥ asau khotthaḥ iti khyātaḥ bhūpaḥ tāta
uttama-ākṛtiḥ kathitam ca kim etat me tvayā iti brūhi tattvataḥ

2. putra uvāca tāta asau khotthaḥ iti khyātaḥ uttama-ākṛtiḥ
bhūpaḥ kaḥ tvayā me etat kim ca kathitam iti tattvataḥ brūhi

2. The son said: "Who is this king of excellent form, O father, who is famous as 'born from space'? And what is this that you have told me? Please explain the truth of it precisely."

Words meanings summery:

• पुत्र (putra) - son, child

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• कः (kaḥ) - who, what

• असौ (asau) - that (person/thing)

• खोत्थः (khotthaḥ) - born from space, arisen from the ether

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way

• ख्यातः (khyātaḥ) - famous, well-known

• भूपः (bhūpaḥ) - king, ruler

• तात (tāta) - vocative, addressing the father (father, dear one)

• उत्तम-आकृतिः (uttama-ākṛtiḥ) - describing the king (of excellent form, having a supreme appearance)

• कथितम् (kathitam) - what was told (told, spoken)

• च (ca) - and, also

• किम् (kim) - interrogative pronoun (what, why)

• एतत् (etat) - this

• मे (me) - to me (to me, for me, my)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, say

• तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - in truth, in essence, truly

Words meanings and morphology

पुत्र (putra) - son, child

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: part of the introductory phrase

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active

root `vac` (2nd class, `vadati`), here perfect active 3rd person singular, form `uvāca` (from `√vac` (2P))

Root: vac (class 2)

कः (kaḥ) - who, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ka

ka - who, what, which

interrogative pronoun

असौ (asau) - that (person/thing)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, yonder

demonstrative pronoun

खोत्थः (khotthaḥ) - born from space, arisen from the ether

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khottha

khottha - born from space, arisen from the ether

Past Passive Participle

compound of `kha` (space) and `utthita` (arisen). `kha` is noun, `utthita` is ppp.

Compound type : tatpurusha (kha+utthita)

• kha – space, ether, sky
  noun (neuter)
• utthita – arisen, standing up, produced
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from `ud-√sthā`
  Prefix: ud
  Root: sthā (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way

(indeclinable)

Note: marks the preceding phrase as a name or quote.

ख्यातः (khyātaḥ) - famous, well-known

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khyāta

khyāta - famous, known, called

Past Passive Participle

from `√khyā` (to be known, to be called)

Root: khyā (class 2)

भूपः (bhūpaḥ) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhūpa

bhūpa - king, protector of the earth

Compound of `bhū` (earth) and `pa` (protector, from `√pā`).

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhū+pa)

• bhū – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pa – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  From root `√pā` (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

तात (tāta) - vocative, addressing the father (father, dear one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one (term of endearment, often for father or elder)

उत्तम-आकृतिः (uttama-ākṛtiḥ) - describing the king (of excellent form, having a supreme appearance)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uttama-ākṛti

uttama-ākṛti - of excellent form, having a supreme appearance

Bahuvrihi compound meaning 'one whose form (ākṛti) is excellent (uttama)'. `ākṛti` is feminine, but here it describes `bhūpaḥ` (masculine). So, the compound itself acts as an adjective and declines with the noun it qualifies.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (uttama+ākṛti)

• uttama – excellent, best, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
• ākṛti – form, shape, appearance
  noun (feminine)
  from `ā-√kṛ`
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: qualifies `bhūpaḥ`

कथितम् (kathitam) - what was told (told, spoken)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kathita

kathita - told, said, related

Past Passive Participle

from `√kath` (to tell)

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Acts as a noun here, "that which was told"

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

conjunction

किम् (kim) - interrogative pronoun (what, why)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why, whether

interrogative pronoun

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

demonstrative pronoun

मे (me) - to me (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of mad

mad - I, me

first person pronoun

Note: Here, dative of recipient "to me"

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

second person pronoun

Note: agent in passive construction `kathitam`

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way

(indeclinable)

Note: marks the preceding question as a quote.

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, say

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

imperative active

from `√brū` (2nd class), imperative active 2nd person singular.

Root: brū (class 2)

तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - in truth, in essence, truly

(indeclinable)

from `tattva` (truth, reality) + `tas` suffix