योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-53, verse-1

श्रीवसिष्ठ उवाच ।
अथापृच्छत्सुतस्तत्र जम्बूद्वीपे महानिशि ।
कदम्बाग्रावचूडस्थं पितरं पावनाशयम् ॥ १ ॥

śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca ,
athāpṛcchatsutastatra jambūdvīpe mahāniśi ,
kadambāgrāvacūḍasthaṃ pitaraṃ pāvanāśayam 1

1. śrī-vasiṣṭha uvāca atha apṛcchat sutaḥ tatra jambū-dvīpe
mahā-niśi kadamba-agra-avacūḍa-stham pitaram pāvana-āśayam

1. śrī-vasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca: atha tatra jambū-dvīpe mahā-niśi sutaḥ
kadamba-agra-avacūḍa-stham pāvana-āśayam pitaram apṛcchat

1. Shri Vasishtha said: Then, on Jambudvipa, in the deep night, the son questioned his father, who was seated at the top of a Kadamba tree and possessed a pure intention.

Words meanings summery:

• श्री-वसिष्ठ (śrī-vasiṣṭha) - The sage Vasishtha, with honorific "Shri" (Reverend Vasishtha)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अथ (atha) - introduces the next event in the narrative (then, now, thereupon)

• अपृच्छत् (apṛcchat) - the son questioned his father (asked, questioned)

• सुतः (sutaḥ) - the son (being addressed in the previous verse, here performing the action) (son)

• तत्र (tatra) - on Jambudvipa (there, in that place)

• जम्बू-द्वीपे (jambū-dvīpe) - on Jambudvipa (a mythical continent)

• महा-निशि (mahā-niśi) - in the deep night, in the great night

• कदम्ब-अग्र-अवचूड-स्थम् (kadamba-agra-avacūḍa-stham) - refers to the father (situated at the top of a Kadamba tree)

• पितरम् (pitaram) - father

• पावन-आशयम् (pāvana-āśayam) - describes the father (pure-intentioned, of pure mind)

Words meanings and morphology

श्री-वसिष्ठ (śrī-vasiṣṭha) - The sage Vasishtha, with honorific "Shri" (Reverend Vasishtha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrī-vasiṣṭha

śrī-vasiṣṭha - Reverend Vasishtha (a revered sage)

Compound of "Shri" (honorific) and "Vasishtha" (proper name)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śrī+vasiṣṭha)

• śrī – splendor, prosperity, revered
  indeclinable
  honorific prefix
• vasiṣṭha – Vasishtha (name of a sage)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: The actual form in the verse is `śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ` (nominal `ḥ` for sandhi).

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense

Irregular perfect form from root `vac`

Root: vac (class 2)

अथ (atha) - introduces the next event in the narrative (then, now, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

अपृच्छत् (apṛcchat) - the son questioned his father (asked, questioned)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (luṅ) of pṛch

Imperfect tense

Augmented form of root `pṛch`

Root: pṛch (class 6)

सुतः (sutaḥ) - the son (being addressed in the previous verse, here performing the action) (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, offspring

from root `sū` (to bear, produce)

Root: sū (class 2)

तत्र (tatra) - on Jambudvipa (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

derived from `tad` (that) + `tra` (suffix for place)

जम्बू-द्वीपे (jambū-dvīpe) - on Jambudvipa (a mythical continent)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of jambū-dvīpa

jambū-dvīpa - Jambudvipa (one of the seven continents, often identified with India or the terrestrial world)

`jambū` (rose-apple tree) + `dvīpa` (island/continent)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (jambū+dvīpa)

• jambū – rose-apple tree, its fruit
  noun (feminine)
• dvīpa – island, continent
  noun (masculine)

महा-निशि (mahā-niśi) - in the deep night, in the great night

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of mahā-niś

mahā-niś - deep night, great night

`mahā` (great) + `niś` (night)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+niś)

• mahā – great, deep
  adjective
• niś – night
  noun (feminine)

कदम्ब-अग्र-अवचूड-स्थम् (kadamba-agra-avacūḍa-stham) - refers to the father (situated at the top of a Kadamba tree)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kadamba-agra-avacūḍa-stha

kadamba-agra-avacūḍa-stha - situated at the top of a Kadamba tree

Compound meaning "Kadamba-top-crest-situated"

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kadamba+agra+avacūḍa+stha)

• kadamba – Kadamba tree (Neolamarckia cadamba)
  noun (masculine)
• agra – top, summit, tip
  noun (neuter)
• avacūḍa – crest, top, crown
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ava
• stha – standing, situated, abiding
  adjective (masculine)
  from root `sthā` (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `pitaram`.

पितरम् (pitaram) - father

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

`ṛ`-stem noun

Note: Object of `apṛcchat`.

पावन-आशयम् (pāvana-āśayam) - describes the father (pure-intentioned, of pure mind)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāvana-āśaya

pāvana-āśaya - pure-intentioned, of pure mind/abode

`pāvana` (purifying, pure) + `āśaya` (intention, abode, mind)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pāvana+āśaya)

• pāvana – purifying, pure, holy
  adjective (neuter)
  Agent noun/Adjective from causative root `pū`
  From root `pū` (to purify)
  Root: pū (class 1)
• āśaya – intention, purpose, mind, abode, substratum
  noun (masculine)
  from `ā-śī` (to lie, to rest)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Qualifies `pitaram`.