योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-53, verse-29

स्वयैव दुःखदायिन्या चेष्टया परिरोदिति ।
काष्ठावष्टब्धवृषणः कीलोत्पाटी कपिर्यथा ॥ २९ ॥

svayaiva duḥkhadāyinyā ceṣṭayā pariroditi ,
kāṣṭhāvaṣṭabdhavṛṣaṇaḥ kīlotpāṭī kapiryathā 29

29. svayā eva duḥkhadāyinyā ceṣṭayā pariroditi
kāṣṭhāvaṣṭabdhavṛṣaṇaḥ kīlotpāṭī kapiḥ yathā

29. svayā eva duḥkhadāyinyā ceṣṭayā pariroditi
kāṣṭhāvaṣṭabdhavṛṣaṇaḥ kīlotpāṭī kapiḥ yathā

29. Through its very own pain-causing action (ceṣṭā), it weeps, just like a monkey (kapi) that pulls out a wedge (kīla) while its testicles are stuck in wood (kāṣṭha).

Words meanings summery:

• स्वया (svayā) - by its own, by oneself

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• दुःखदायिन्या (duḥkhadāyinyā) - by the misery-giving, by the pain-causing

• चेष्टया (ceṣṭayā) - by activity, by effort, by action

• परिरोदिति (pariroditi) - cries out, wails, mourns

• काष्ठावष्टब्धवृषणः (kāṣṭhāvaṣṭabdhavṛṣaṇaḥ) - whose testicles are stuck by wood

• कीलोत्पाटी (kīlotpāṭī) - wedge-puller, one who pulls out a wedge

• कपिः (kapiḥ) - monkey

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as

Words meanings and morphology

स्वया (svayā) - by its own, by oneself

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of sva

sva - own, one's own, self

Note: Agrees with ceṣṭayā.

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

दुःखदायिन्या (duḥkhadāyinyā) - by the misery-giving, by the pain-causing

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of duḥkhadāyinī

duḥkhadāyinī - causing pain, giving sorrow, misery-giving

Agent noun from duḥkha (pain) + root dā (to give) with suffix ṇin.

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+dāyin)

• duḥkha – suffering, pain, misery
  noun (neuter)
• dāyin – giving, bestowing, causing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root dā + ṇin suffix.
  Root: dā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with ceṣṭayā.

चेष्टया (ceṣṭayā) - by activity, by effort, by action

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of ceṣṭā

ceṣṭā - activity, effort, action (ceṣṭā), movement, gesture

From root ceṣṭ (to move, to act).

Root: ceṣṭ (class 1)

Note: Instrumental case indicating cause.

परिरोदिति (pariroditi) - cries out, wails, mourns

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of rud

Present Active

From root rud (2nd class), active voice, present tense. pari is prefix.

Prefix: pari

Root: rud (class 2)

Note: The subject is implied, referring to the 'self' (ātman) or 'it' (the mind).

काष्ठावष्टब्धवृषणः (kāṣṭhāvaṣṭabdhavṛṣaṇaḥ) - whose testicles are stuck by wood

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāṣṭhāvaṣṭabdhavṛṣaṇa

kāṣṭhāvaṣṭabdhavṛṣaṇa - having testicles jammed by wood

Bahuvrihi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kāṣṭha+avaṣṭabdha+vṛṣaṇa)

• kāṣṭha – wood (kāṣṭha), stick, piece of wood
  noun (neuter)
• avaṣṭabdha – stuck, held fast, supported, blocked
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From ava + root stambh (to fix, to stop).
  Prefix: ava
  Root: stambh (class 5)
• vṛṣaṇa – testicle, scrotum
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Refers to the monkey.

कीलोत्पाटी (kīlotpāṭī) - wedge-puller, one who pulls out a wedge

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kīlotpāṭin

kīlotpāṭin - one who extracts a wedge

Agent Noun

From ut + root paṭ (to split, to break) with ṇin suffix.

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (kīla+utpāṭin)

• kīla – wedge (kīla), peg, pin
  noun (masculine)
• utpāṭin – pulling out, extracting, uprooting, causing to fall
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From ut + root paṭ (to split, to break) with ṇin suffix.
  Prefix: ut
  Root: paṭ (class 1)

Note: Refers to the monkey, performing the action of pulling out.

कपिः (kapiḥ) - monkey

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kapi

kapi - monkey (kapi), ape

Root: kamp (class 1)

Note: Subject of the simile.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle introducing a comparison.

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