योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-53, verse-34

तमोरूपो हि संकल्पो नित्यं प्राकृतचेष्टया ।
परां कृपणतामेत्य प्रयाति कृमिकीटताम् ॥ ३४ ॥

tamorūpo hi saṃkalpo nityaṃ prākṛtaceṣṭayā ,
parāṃ kṛpaṇatāmetya prayāti kṛmikīṭatām 34

34. tamo-rūpaḥ hi saṅkalpaḥ nityaṃ prākṛta-ceṣṭayā
parām kṛpaṇatām etya prayāti kṛmi-kīṭatām

34. hi tamo-rūpaḥ saṅkalpaḥ nityaṃ prākṛta-ceṣṭayā
parām kṛpaṇatām etya kṛmi-kīṭatām prayāti

34. Indeed, the dark-natured will (saṅkalpa), constantly engaging in worldly activity (prākṛta-ceṣṭā), attains extreme wretchedness and descends to the state of worms and insects.

34. המחשבה המדומיינת שאיכותה טַמַס (אופל ובורות), בשל מעשים גסים ופשוטים ללא הרף, שוקעת בשפלות עמוקה וגלגולה הוא כתולעים וחרקים.

Words meanings summery:

• तमो-रूपः (tamo-rūpaḥ) - dark-natured (having the form of tamas, dark-natured)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

• सङ्कल्पः (saṅkalpaḥ) - will (saṅkalpa) (will, intention, determination)

• नित्यं (nityaṁ) - constantly (constantly, perpetually, always)

• प्राकृत-चेष्टया (prākṛta-ceṣṭayā) - by worldly activity (prākṛta-ceṣṭā) (by worldly activity, by natural endeavor, by activity of prakṛti)

• पराम् (parām) - extreme (highest, extreme, supreme)

• कृपणताम् (kṛpaṇatām) - wretchedness (wretchedness, miserliness, meanness)

• एत्य (etya) - having attained (having gone, having attained, having reached)

• प्रयाति (prayāti) - descends to / attains (the state of) (goes forth, proceeds, passes into, attains)

• कृमि-कीटताम् (kṛmi-kīṭatām) - the state of worms and insects

Words meanings and morphology

तमो-रूपः (tamo-rūpaḥ) - dark-natured (having the form of tamas, dark-natured)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tamo-rūpa

tamo-rūpa - having the form of darkness, dark-natured, of the nature of tamas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tamas+rūpa)

• tamas – darkness, ignorance, inertia (one of the three guṇas)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tam (class 4)
• rūpa – form, shape, nature, appearance
  noun (neuter)
  Root: rūp (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `saṅkalpaḥ`.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

सङ्कल्पः (saṅkalpaḥ) - will (saṅkalpa) (will, intention, determination)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṅkalpa

saṅkalpa - will, intention, determination, resolve, conception, desire

Prefix: sam

Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

नित्यं (nityaṁ) - constantly (constantly, perpetually, always)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially.

प्राकृत-चेष्टया (prākṛta-ceṣṭayā) - by worldly activity (prākṛta-ceṣṭā) (by worldly activity, by natural endeavor, by activity of prakṛti)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of prākṛta-ceṣṭā

prākṛta-ceṣṭā - worldly activity, natural endeavor, activity of prakṛti

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prākṛta+ceṣṭā)

• prākṛta – natural, ordinary, common, worldly, relating to prakṛti
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• ceṣṭā – activity, movement, exertion, effort, endeavor
  noun (feminine)
  Root: ceṣṭ (class 1)

Note: Refers to actions driven by the material nature (prakṛti).

पराम् (parām) - extreme (highest, extreme, supreme)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of para

para - other, distant, supreme, highest, extreme

Note: Agrees with `kṛpaṇatām`.

कृपणताम् (kṛpaṇatām) - wretchedness (wretchedness, miserliness, meanness)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṛpaṇatā

kṛpaṇatā - wretchedness, miserliness, meanness, poverty

suffix -tā for abstract noun

एत्य (etya) - having attained (having gone, having attained, having reached)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

suffix -ya, often with a prefix, but `etya` is a common form for `i`

Root: i (class 2)

प्रयाति (prayāti) - descends to / attains (the state of) (goes forth, proceeds, passes into, attains)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of yā

present active third person singular

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

कृमि-कीटताम् (kṛmi-kīṭatām) - the state of worms and insects

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṛmi-kīṭatā

kṛmi-kīṭatā - the state of worms and insects

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (kṛmi+kīṭa+tā)

• kṛmi – worm, insect
  noun (masculine)
• kīṭa – insect, worm
  noun (masculine)
• tā – state, condition, nature (suffix forming abstract feminine nouns)
  suffix (feminine)

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