योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-53, verse-33

त्रयस्तस्या मतेर्देहा अधमोत्तममध्यमाः ।
तमःसत्त्वरजःसंज्ञाः कारणं जगतः स्थितेः ॥ ३३ ॥

trayastasyā materdehā adhamottamamadhyamāḥ ,
tamaḥsattvarajaḥsaṃjñāḥ kāraṇaṃ jagataḥ sthiteḥ 33

33. trayaḥ tasyāḥ mateḥ dehāḥ adhama-uttama-madhyamāḥ
tamaḥ-sattva-rajaḥ-saṃjñāḥ kāraṇaṃ jagataḥ sthiteḥ

33. tasyāḥ mateḥ trayaḥ dehāḥ adhama-uttama-madhyamāḥ
tamaḥ-sattva-rajaḥ-saṃjñāḥ jagataḥ sthiteḥ kāraṇam

33. That intellect (mati) has three forms – lower, higher, and middle – which are known as tamas, sattva, and rajas, and are the cause of the world's existence.

Words meanings summery:

• त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

• तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of that (intellect) (of that (feminine singular genitive))

• मतेः (mateḥ) - of the intellect (mati) (of the mind, of the intellect)

• देहाः (dehāḥ) - forms/aspects (bodies, forms, aspects)

• अधम-उत्तम-मध्यमाः (adhama-uttama-madhyamāḥ) - lower, higher, and middle (lower, higher, and middle (masculine plural nominative))

• तमः-सत्त्व-रजः-संज्ञाः (tamaḥ-sattva-rajaḥ-saṁjñāḥ) - named tamas, sattva, and rajas

• कारणं (kāraṇaṁ) - the cause (cause, reason, instrument)

• जगतः (jagataḥ) - of the world (of the world, of the universe)

• स्थितेः (sthiteḥ) - of existence/stability (of existence, of stability, of continuance)

Words meanings and morphology

त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with `dehāḥ`.

तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of that (intellect) (of that (feminine singular genitive))

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Agrees with `mateḥ`.

मतेः (mateḥ) - of the intellect (mati) (of the mind, of the intellect)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of mati

mati - mind, intellect, understanding, thought, opinion, intention

Root: man (class 4)

देहाः (dehāḥ) - forms/aspects (bodies, forms, aspects)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deha

deha - body, form, shape, person

Root: dih (class 4)

Note: Implied verb 'are'.

अधम-उत्तम-मध्यमाः (adhama-uttama-madhyamāḥ) - lower, higher, and middle (lower, higher, and middle (masculine plural nominative))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of adhama-uttama-madhyama

adhama-uttama-madhyama - lower, higher, and middle

Compound type : dvandva (adhama+uttama+madhyama)

• adhama – lowest, inferior, worst, vile
  adjective (masculine)
• uttama – highest, best, principal
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: tam (class 1)
• madhyama – middle, intermediate
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with `dehāḥ`.

तमः-सत्त्व-रजः-संज्ञाः (tamaḥ-sattva-rajaḥ-saṁjñāḥ) - named tamas, sattva, and rajas

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tamaḥ-sattva-rajaḥ-saṃjñā

tamaḥ-sattva-rajaḥ-saṁjñā - named tamas, sattva, and rajas

Compound type : bahuvrīhi / dvandva (tamas+sattva+rajas+saṃjñā)

• tamas – darkness, ignorance, inertia (one of the three guṇas)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tam (class 4)
• sattva – goodness, purity, essence, reality (one of the three guṇas)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: as (class 2)
• rajas – passion, activity, dust (one of the three guṇas)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: rañj (class 1)
• saṃjñā – name, designation, consciousness, understanding
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with `dehāḥ`.

कारणं (kāraṇaṁ) - the cause (cause, reason, instrument)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument, motive

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Functions as a predicate nominative.

जगतः (jagataḥ) - of the world (of the world, of the universe)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, all that moves

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Dependent on `sthiteḥ`.

स्थितेः (sthiteḥ) - of existence/stability (of existence, of stability, of continuance)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of sthiti

sthiti - standing, state, existence, stability, continuance

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Dependent on `kāraṇaṃ`.