योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-42, verse-39

तदेतदाबद्धमिह चित्तं राघव दुःखितम् ।
तृष्णाशोकसमाविष्टं रागायतनमाततम् ॥ ३९ ॥

tadetadābaddhamiha cittaṃ rāghava duḥkhitam ,
tṛṣṇāśokasamāviṣṭaṃ rāgāyatanamātatam 39

39. tat etat ābaddham iha cittam rāghava duḥkhitam
tṛṣṇāśokasamāviṣṭam rāgāyatanam ātatam

39. rāghava,
iha ābaddham etat duḥkhitam cittam tṛṣṇāśokasamāviṣṭam rāgāyatanam ātatam

39. O Rāghava, this mind, entangled here, is full of suffering. It is thoroughly pervaded by craving (tṛṣṇā) and sorrow, and it is an extensive abode of attachment.

39. הַצִ'יטָה הזו, הוֹ רָאגְהָאווָה (ראמה), כבולה כאן ומיוסרת, אחוזת תשוקה ויגון, והפכה למשכן רחב של התקשרויות.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that, it, therefore

• एतत् (etat) - this, this one

• आबद्धम् (ābaddham) - bound, tied, entangled, fixed

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, now

• चित्तम् (cittam) - mind, thought, consciousness

• राघव (rāghava) - O Rama (addressing the listener) (descendant of Raghu, appellation for Rama or Lakshmana)

• दुःखितम् (duḥkhitam) - distressed, sorrowful, suffering

• तृष्णाशोकसमाविष्टम् (tṛṣṇāśokasamāviṣṭam) - pervaded by craving and sorrow

• रागायतनम् (rāgāyatanam) - abode of attachment/passion

• आततम् (ātatam) - extended, pervasive, vast, spread out

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that, it, therefore

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tat

tat - that, it, such, therefore

Note: Often combines with `etat` to mean 'this very'

एतत् (etat) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etat

etat - this, this one, the present

आबद्धम् (ābaddham) - bound, tied, entangled, fixed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ābaddha

ābaddha - bound, tied, fettered, fixed, composed, entangled

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root bandh with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: bandh (class 9)

Note: Describes 'cittam'

इह (iha) - here, in this world, now

(indeclinable)

चित्तम् (cittam) - mind, thought, consciousness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of citta

citta - mind, thought, intellect, heart, consciousness

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: The main subject being described in this and subsequent verses.

राघव (rāghava) - O Rama (addressing the listener) (descendant of Raghu, appellation for Rama or Lakshmana)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu; name of Rama, Lakshmana, etc.

दुःखितम् (duḥkhitam) - distressed, sorrowful, suffering

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkhita

duḥkhita - distressed, afflicted, sorrowful, unhappy

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'duhkh' (to suffer)

Root: duhkh (class 1)

Note: Describes 'cittam'

तृष्णाशोकसमाविष्टम् (tṛṣṇāśokasamāviṣṭam) - pervaded by craving and sorrow

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tṛṣṇāśokasamāviṣṭa

tṛṣṇāśokasamāviṣṭa - pervaded/enveloped by craving and sorrow

Compound type : tatpurusha (tṛṣṇā+śoka+samāviṣṭa)

• tṛṣṇā – craving, thirst, desire
  noun (feminine)
• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• samāviṣṭa – entered into, pervaded, enveloped, possessed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root viś with prefixes sam- and ā-
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Describes 'cittam'

रागायतनम् (rāgāyatanam) - abode of attachment/passion

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rāgāyatana

rāgāyatana - dwelling place for attachment, seat of passion

Compound type : tatpurusha (rāga+āyatana)

• rāga – color, hue, passion, affection, attachment, desire
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rañj (class 1)
• āyatana – seat, abode, dwelling place, shrine
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Describes 'cittam'

आततम् (ātatam) - extended, pervasive, vast, spread out

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ātata

ātata - stretched, extended, vast, pervasive, spread out

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root tan with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Describes 'cittam'

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