योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-42, verse-22

क्षेत्रं शरीरमित्याहुस्तदसौ वेत्त्यखण्डितम् ।
सबाह्याभ्यन्तरं तेन क्षेत्रज्ञ इति कथ्यते ॥ २२ ॥

kṣetraṃ śarīramityāhustadasau vettyakhaṇḍitam ,
sabāhyābhyantaraṃ tena kṣetrajña iti kathyate 22

22. kṣetram śarīram iti āhuḥ tat asau vetti akhaṇḍitam
sa-bāhya-ābhyantaram tena kṣetrajñaḥ iti kathyate

22. kṣetram śarīram iti āhuḥ asau tat akhaṇḍitam
sa-bāhya-ābhyantaram vetti tena kṣetrajñaḥ iti kathyate

22. They declare the field (kṣetra) to be the body. The knower (asau) comprehends this (body/field) in its entirety, both externally and internally; therefore, he is called the knower of the field (kṣetrajña).

22. הגוף נקרא 'שדה' (קְשֶׁטְרַה). מכיוון שהתודעה יודעת שדה זה ללא חלוקה, על כל פנימיותו וחיצוניותו, היא נקראת קְשֶׁטְרַגְנְיַה (יודע השדה).

Words meanings summery:

• क्षेत्रम् (kṣetram) - the field, the body

• शरीरम् (śarīram) - the body

• इति (iti) - indicates that 'śarīram' is the designation for 'kṣetram' (thus, as, indicating a designation)

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare, they call

• तत् (tat) - refers to the 'kṣetram' (field) or 'śarīram' (body) (that (neuter singular))

• असौ (asau) - refers to the 'kṣetrajña' (knower of the field) (this one, he)

• वेत्ति (vetti) - he knows, comprehends

• अखण्डितम् (akhaṇḍitam) - fully and completely, without any part left out (undivided, entire, unbroken)

• स-बाह्य-आभ्यन्तरम् (sa-bāhya-ābhyantaram) - includes both the outer and inner aspects of the body/field (with its exterior and interior, entirely)

• तेन (tena) - therefore, for that reason (by that, therefore, by him)

• क्षेत्रज्ञः (kṣetrajñaḥ) - the individual consciousness that perceives and interacts with the body (field) (the knower of the field)

• इति (iti) - indicates that the preceding word is a designation or quoted term (thus, as, in this way)

• कथ्यते (kathyate) - it is called, it is said

Words meanings and morphology

क्षेत्रम् (kṣetram) - the field, the body

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṣetra

kṣetra - field, ground, sacred space, body, region

शरीरम् (śarīram) - the body

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śarīra

śarīra - body, corporeal frame, physical form

इति (iti) - indicates that 'śarīram' is the designation for 'kṣetram' (thus, as, indicating a designation)

(indeclinable)

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare, they call

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (present sense) (liṭ) of ah

Irregular perfect tense form (liṭ) used with present meaning

Root: ah (class 2)

तत् (tat) - refers to the 'kṣetram' (field) or 'śarīram' (body) (that (neuter singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

असौ (asau) - refers to the 'kṣetrajña' (knower of the field) (this one, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, yonder, this, that person

वेत्ति (vetti) - he knows, comprehends

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of vid

Root vid, 2nd class, active voice

Root: vid (class 2)

अखण्डितम् (akhaṇḍitam) - fully and completely, without any part left out (undivided, entire, unbroken)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of akhaṇḍita

akhaṇḍita - undivided, unbroken, entire, whole

Past Passive Participle (negative compound)

Derived from khaṇḍita (divided) with negative prefix 'a-'

Prefix: a

Root: khaṇḍ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'tat' (kṣetram/śarīram)

स-बाह्य-आभ्यन्तरम् (sa-bāhya-ābhyantaram) - includes both the outer and inner aspects of the body/field (with its exterior and interior, entirely)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sa-bāhya-ābhyantara

sa-bāhya-ābhyantara - including outer and inner, with exterior and interior

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (sa+bāhya+ābhyantara)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating 'with' or 'including'
• bāhya – external, outer, outward
  adjective (neuter)
  Derived from bahis (outside)
• ābhyantara – internal, inner, inward
  adjective (neuter)
  Derived from abhyantara (inside)

Note: Agrees with 'tat' (kṣetram/śarīram)

तेन (tena) - therefore, for that reason (by that, therefore, by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

क्षेत्रज्ञः (kṣetrajñaḥ) - the individual consciousness that perceives and interacts with the body (field) (the knower of the field)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣetrajña

kṣetrajña - knower of the field; the individual soul (puruṣa) that knows the body (kṣetra)

Derived from kṣetra (field) and jña (knower, from jñā to know)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (kṣetra+jña)

• kṣetra – field, ground, sacred space, body
  noun (neuter)
• jña – knowing, acquainted with, knower
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

इति (iti) - indicates that the preceding word is a designation or quoted term (thus, as, in this way)

(indeclinable)

कथ्यते (kathyate) - it is called, it is said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of kath

Root kath, 10th class, used in passive voice

Root: kath (class 10)

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