योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-42, verse-23

वासनां कलयन्सोऽपि यात्यहंकारतां पुनः ।
अहंकारोऽपि निर्णेता कलङ्की बुद्धिरुच्यते ॥ २३ ॥

vāsanāṃ kalayanso'pi yātyahaṃkāratāṃ punaḥ ,
ahaṃkāro'pi nirṇetā kalaṅkī buddhirucyate 23

23. vāsanām kalayan saḥ api yāti ahaṅkāratām punaḥ
ahaṅkāraḥ api nirṇetā kalaṅkī buddhiḥ ucyate

23. saḥ api vāsanām kalayan punaḥ ahaṅkāratām yāti
ahaṅkāraḥ api nirṇetā kalaṅkī buddhiḥ ucyate

23. That (consciousness), generating latent impressions (vāsanā), again attains the state of ego (ahaṅkāra). Even the ego (ahaṅkāra), which acts as a determiner, is called a stained intellect (buddhi).

Words meanings summery:

• वासनाम् (vāsanām) - latent impression, desire, inclination, mental habit

• कलयन् (kalayan) - generating, producing (generating, forming, considering, causing to appear, performing)

• सः (saḥ) - that (consciousness/mind mentioned earlier) (that, he)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

• याति (yāti) - attains, becomes (goes, moves, attains, becomes)

• अहङ्कारताम् (ahaṅkāratām) - the state of ego (ahaṅkāra) (the state of ego, egoism)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, once more, moreover)

• अहङ्कारः (ahaṅkāraḥ) - ego (ahaṅkāra) (ego, egoism, self-sense)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

• निर्णेता (nirṇetā) - determiner (determiner, decider, judge, leader)

• कलङ्की (kalaṅkī) - stained, flawed (stained, defiled, tarnished, blemished, faulty)

• बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect (intellect, understanding, discernment, perception)

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is called (is said, is called, is spoken of)

Words meanings and morphology

वासनाम् (vāsanām) - latent impression, desire, inclination, mental habit

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vāsanā

vāsanā - latent impression, desire, inclination, mental habit, perfume

From root vas (to dwell, to perfume) + ana (suffix for noun of action/instrument) + feminine ending.

Root: vas (class 1)

कलयन् (kalayan) - generating, producing (generating, forming, considering, causing to appear, performing)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kalayat

kalayat - producing, generating, performing, counting, considering

Present active participle

From root kal (to count, to observe, to impel) + śatṛ (present active participle suffix).

Root: kal (class 10)

Note: Acts as an adjective qualifying the implied subject (e.g., citta).

सः (saḥ) - that (consciousness/mind mentioned earlier) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the previous subject, likely 'citta' or a similar subtle mental faculty.

अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word.

याति (yāti) - attains, becomes (goes, moves, attains, becomes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of yā

Present indicative

Root yā (to go) in present tense, third person singular.

Root: yā (class 2)

अहङ्कारताम् (ahaṅkāratām) - the state of ego (ahaṅkāra) (the state of ego, egoism)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ahaṅkāratā

ahaṅkāratā - state of ego, egoism, self-consciousness

From ahaṅkāra + tā (suffix forming abstract feminine nouns).

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, once more, moreover)

(indeclinable)

अहङ्कारः (ahaṅkāraḥ) - ego (ahaṅkāra) (ego, egoism, self-sense)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ahaṅkāra

ahaṅkāra - ego, egoism, self-consciousness, the faculty of individuality

From aham (I) + kāra (maker, doer).

Compound type : tatpurusha (aham+kāra)

• aham – I, ego, self
  pronoun
• kāra – maker, doer, causing, action, letter, sound
  noun (masculine)
  From root kṛ + ghañ suffix.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word.

निर्णेता (nirṇetā) - determiner (determiner, decider, judge, leader)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirṇetṛ

nirṇetṛ - determiner, decider, judge, leader, guide

agent noun

From nir + root nī (to lead) + tṛc (agent suffix).

Prefix: nir

Root: nī (class 1)

कलङ्की (kalaṅkī) - stained, flawed (stained, defiled, tarnished, blemished, faulty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kalaṅkin

kalaṅkin - stained, defiled, tarnished, blemished, faulty, having a stain or blemish

From kalaṅka (stain, blemish) + in (possessive suffix).

Note: Qualifies ahaṅkāraḥ.

बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect (intellect, understanding, discernment, perception)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, discernment, perception, mind, reason

From root budh (to awaken, to know) + kti suffix.

Root: budh (class 1)

उच्यते (ucyate) - is called (is said, is called, is spoken of)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Present passive

Root vac (to speak) in present tense, third person singular, passive voice. Root vac undergoes samprasāraṇa (va -> u) in passive forms.

Root: vac (class 2)

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