योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-20, verse-53

भुक्तेऽप्यभुक्तधीर्दृष्टमित्यलङ्कितवादिषु ।
शून्यमाकीर्णतामेति तुल्यं व्यसनमुत्सवैः ।
विप्रलम्भोऽपि लाभश्च मदस्वप्नादिसंविदि ॥ ५३ ॥

bhukte'pyabhuktadhīrdṛṣṭamityalaṅkitavādiṣu ,
śūnyamākīrṇatāmeti tulyaṃ vyasanamutsavaiḥ ,
vipralambho'pi lābhaśca madasvapnādisaṃvidi 53

53. bhukte api abhuktadhīḥ dṛṣṭam iti
alaṅkitavādiṣu śūnyam ākīrṇatām eti
tulyam vyasanam utsāvaiḥ vipralambhaḥ
api lābhaḥ ca madasvapnādisaṃvidi

53. alaṅkitavādiṣu abhuktadhīḥ bhukte api dṛṣṭam iti (manyate).
śūnyam ākīrṇatām eti.
vyasanam utsāvaiḥ tulyam (bhavati).
madasvapnādisaṃvidi vipralambhaḥ api lābhaḥ ca (tulyau bhavanti).

53. Among those who speak plainly, even an enjoyed experience is perceived as unenjoyed by an unattached intellect. Emptiness becomes crowded, and misfortune is considered equal to festivities. Both loss and gain are similarly perceived in a consciousness resembling intoxication or a dream.

Words meanings summery:

• भुक्ते (bhukte) - in what has been enjoyed, in the experience

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• अभुक्तधीः (abhuktadhīḥ) - one whose intellect considers it unenjoyed, having an unattached intellect

• दृष्टम् (dṛṣṭam) - perceived, seen, experienced

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way

• अलङ्कितवादिषु (alaṅkitavādiṣu) - among those who speak plainly, among plain-speaking sages

• शून्यम् (śūnyam) - emptiness, void, nothingness

• आकीर्णताम् (ākīrṇatām) - fullness, crowdedness, state of being diffused

• एति (eti) - attains, goes, comes, reaches

• तुल्यम् (tulyam) - equal, similar, alike

• व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - misfortune, calamity, distress, addiction

• उत्सावैः (utsāvaiḥ) - by festivities, with festivals/celebrations

• विप्रलम्भः (vipralambhaḥ) - loss, deception, separation, disappointment

• अपि (api) - even, also

• लाभः (lābhaḥ) - gain, acquisition, profit

• च (ca) - and

• मदस्वप्नादिसंविदि (madasvapnādisaṁvidi) - in the consciousness of intoxication, dream, etc.

Words meanings and morphology

भुक्ते (bhukte) - in what has been enjoyed, in the experience

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of bhukta

bhukta - enjoyed, eaten, experienced

Past Passive Participle

derived from root bhuj (VII P, A) 'to enjoy, eat, experience' with kta suffix

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Acts adverbially or refers to an implicit object/situation.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

अभुक्तधीः (abhuktadhīḥ) - one whose intellect considers it unenjoyed, having an unattached intellect

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhuktadhī

abhuktadhī - one whose intellect is unattached or perceives as unenjoyed

Compound type : bahuvrihi (abhukta+dhī)

• abhukta – unenjoyed, uneaten, unexperienced
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  negative prefix a + bhukta (PPP of bhuj)
  Prefix: a
  Root: bhuj (class 7)
• dhī – intellect, mind, understanding
  noun (feminine)

Note: Refers to a person/intellect.

दृष्टम् (dṛṣṭam) - perceived, seen, experienced

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, perceived, observed

Past Passive Participle

derived from root dṛś (I P) 'to see' with kta suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Used as a noun here, 'that which is perceived'.

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to indicate quoted speech or thought, or to indicate a conclusion.

अलङ्कितवादिषु (alaṅkitavādiṣu) - among those who speak plainly, among plain-speaking sages

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of alaṅkitavādin

alaṅkitavādin - one who speaks unadorned, plain-speaking

Compound type : karmadharaya (alaṅkita+vādin)

• alaṅkita – unadorned, unembellished, unmarked
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle (negated)
  a (negation) + alaṅkṛta (adorned). Or 'unmarked/unadorned'.
  Prefix: a
• vādin – speaker, advocate, one who says
  noun (masculine)
  derived from root vad (I P) 'to speak' with suffix -in
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Refers to sages or wise persons whose speech is direct and unpretentious.

शून्यम् (śūnyam) - emptiness, void, nothingness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śūnya

śūnya - empty, void, null

Note: Used as a noun here, referring to the state of emptiness.

आकीर्णताम् (ākīrṇatām) - fullness, crowdedness, state of being diffused

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ākīrṇatā

ākīrṇatā - state of being full, crowdedness, diffuseness

derived from ākīrṇa (PPP of ā + kīr) + tā (abstract suffix)

Prefix: ā

Root: kṛ (class 6)

एति (eti) - attains, goes, comes, reaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of i

present indicative active 3rd singular

root i (II P), present tense, parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular

Root: i (class 2)

तुल्यम् (tulyam) - equal, similar, alike

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tulya

tulya - equal, similar, alike, comparable

from root tul (to weigh) + yat suffix

Root: tul (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `vyasanam`.

व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - misfortune, calamity, distress, addiction

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyasana

vyasana - misfortune, calamity, distress, addiction

vi + as (to throw) + ana suffix

Prefix: vi

Root: as (class 4)

उत्सावैः (utsāvaiḥ) - by festivities, with festivals/celebrations

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of utsava

utsava - festival, celebration, joyous occasion

ut + su (to press out) + a suffix

Prefix: ut

Root: su (class 2)

विप्रलम्भः (vipralambhaḥ) - loss, deception, separation, disappointment

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipralambha

vipralambha - loss, deception, separation, disappointment

vi + pra + labh (to take) + ghañ suffix

Prefixes: vi+pra

Root: labh (class 1)

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

लाभः (lābhaḥ) - gain, acquisition, profit

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lābha

lābha - gain, acquisition, profit

from root labh (I A) 'to obtain' + ghañ suffix

Root: labh (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मदस्वप्नादिसंविदि (madasvapnādisaṁvidi) - in the consciousness of intoxication, dream, etc.

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of madasvapnādisaṃvid

madasvapnādisaṁvid - consciousness resembling intoxication, dream, etc.

Compound type : tatpurusha (mada+svapna+ādi+saṃvid)

• mada – intoxication, pride, passion
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mad (class 4)
• svapna – dream, sleep
  noun (masculine)
  Root: svap (class 2)
• ādi – beginning, etc.
  indeclinable
• saṃvid – consciousness, knowledge, understanding
  noun (feminine)
  sam + vid (to know)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Refers to the state of consciousness in which these perceptions occur.

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