योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-20, verse-51

रात्रिर्द्वादशवर्षाणि हरिश्चन्द्रे तथा ह्यभूत् ।
कान्ताविरहिणामेकं वासरं वत्सरायते ॥ ५१ ॥

rātrirdvādaśavarṣāṇi hariścandre tathā hyabhūt ,
kāntāvirahiṇāmekaṃ vāsaraṃ vatsarāyate 51

51. rātriḥ dvādaśavarṣāṇi hariścandra-e tathā hi
abhūt kāntāvirahiṇām ekam vāsaram vatsarāyate

51. tathā hi hariścandra-e rātriḥ dvādaśavarṣāṇi abhūt.
kāntāvirahiṇām ekam vāsaram vatsarāyate.

51. For Hariścandra, a single night indeed became twelve years. Similarly, for those separated from their beloved, one day feels like an entire year.

51. כך בדיוק קרה למלך הַרִישְׁצַנְדְרַה, שלישק אחד נדמה היה לו כשתים-עשרה שנים; שהרי עבור אלה שהתרחקו מאהוביהם, יום יחיד נדמה כשנה תמימה.

Words meanings summery:

• रात्रिः (rātriḥ) - night

• द्वादशवर्षाणि (dvādaśavarṣāṇi) - twelve years (plural)

• हरिश्चन्द्र-ए (hariścandra-e) - for Hariścandra

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, because

• अभूत् (abhūt) - it was, it became

• कान्ताविरहिणाम् (kāntāvirahiṇām) - of those separated from their beloved

• एकम् (ekam) - one, a single (neuter)

• वासरम् (vāsaram) - a day

• वत्सरायते (vatsarāyate) - becomes like a year, seems like a year

Words meanings and morphology

रात्रिः (rātriḥ) - night

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

द्वादशवर्षाणि (dvādaśavarṣāṇi) - twelve years (plural)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of dvādaśavarṣa

dvādaśavarṣa - twelve years, a period of twelve years

Compound type : dvigu (dvādaśa+varṣa)

• dvādaśa – twelve
  numeral
• varṣa – year, rain
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used predicatively, indicating the duration that the night became.

हरिश्चन्द्र-ए (hariścandra-e) - for Hariścandra

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of hariścandra

hariścandra - King Hariścandra (a legendary king renowned for his truthfulness and sacrifices)

Note: Locative case used to indicate 'in the case of' or 'for'.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, because

(indeclinable)

अभूत् (abhūt) - it was, it became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Aorist

third person singular aorist, Parasmaipada

Root: bhū (class 1)

कान्ताविरहिणाम् (kāntāvirahiṇām) - of those separated from their beloved

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kāntāvirahin

kāntāvirahin - one separated from a beloved woman; one separated from a beloved

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāntā+virahin)

• kāntā – a beloved woman, mistress, wife
  noun (feminine)
  feminine form of kānta (beloved)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• virahin – separated, one who is separated (from)
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  from vi + rah (to abandon)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: rah (class 1)

एकम् (ekam) - one, a single (neuter)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of eka

eka - one, a single, unique

Note: Agrees with 'vāsaram' in gender, number, and case.

वासरम् (vāsaram) - a day

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vāsara

vāsara - day, daytime

Note: Subject of 'vatsarāyate'.

वत्सरायते (vatsarāyate) - becomes like a year, seems like a year

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vatsarāya

Denominative verb

Denominative verb formed from 'vatsara' (year), third person singular present indicative, Ātmanepada.

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