योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-122, verse-23

वाञ्छैवोदेति ते कस्माद्भ्रान्तिरन्तर्निरर्थिका ।
अद्वितीयो द्वितीयं किं यद्वस्त्वात्माभिवाञ्छतु ॥ २३ ॥

vāñchaivodeti te kasmādbhrāntirantarnirarthikā ,
advitīyo dvitīyaṃ kiṃ yadvastvātmābhivāñchatu 23

23. vāñchā eva udeti te kasmāt bhrāntiḥ antaḥ nirarthikā
advitīyaḥ dvitīyam kim yat vastu ātmā abhivāñchatu

23. te kasmāt vāñchā eva udeti? antaḥ nirarthikā bhrāntiḥ.
advitīyaḥ ātmā yat vastu,
kim dvitīyam abhivāñchatu?

23. Why does desire (vāñchā) arise in you? This internal delusion (bhrānti) is meaningless. What second object (dvitīyam kim) should the non-dual (advitīya) self (ātman) desire, when it is itself the ultimate reality (vastu)?

Words meanings summery:

• वाञ्छा (vāñchā) - desire, wish, longing

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

• उदेति (udeti) - arises, comes forth, appears

• ते (te) - to you, for you, your

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - from what, why, whence

• भ्रान्तिः (bhrāntiḥ) - delusion, error, confusion, wandering

• अन्तः (antaḥ) - inside, within, internal

• निरर्थिका (nirarthikā) - meaningless, useless, purposeless

• अद्वितीयः (advitīyaḥ) - non-dual, without a second

• द्वितीयम् (dvitīyam) - a second thing, the second

• किम् (kim) - what, why, which

• यत् (yat) - that which, because, since

• वस्तु (vastu) - ultimate reality (thing, object, substance, reality)

• आत्मा (ātmā) - self, soul, essence, spirit

• अभिवाञ्छतु (abhivāñchatu) - let it desire, may it desire

Words meanings and morphology

वाञ्छा (vāñchā) - desire, wish, longing

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vāñchā

vāñchā - desire, wish, longing

From root vāñch (to desire)

Root: vāñch (class 1)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

उदेति (udeti) - arises, comes forth, appears

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ud-i

Present active indicative

Root i with prefix ud

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)

ते (te) - to you, for you, your

(pronoun)

singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Here used as dative 'to you' for the arising of desire.

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - from what, why, whence

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why

भ्रान्तिः (bhrāntiḥ) - delusion, error, confusion, wandering

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhrānti

bhrānti - delusion, error, confusion, wandering

From root bhram (to wander, to err)

Root: bhram (class 1)

अन्तः (antaḥ) - inside, within, internal

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an adverb here modifying bhrānti.

निरर्थिका (nirarthikā) - meaningless, useless, purposeless

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nirarthika

nirarthika - meaningless, useless, purposeless

nis (without) + artha (meaning, purpose) + ika (suffix)

Note: Agrees with bhrāntiḥ.

अद्वितीयः (advitīyaḥ) - non-dual, without a second

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of advitīya

advitīya - non-dual, without a second, unique

a (not) + dvitīya (second)

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpuruṣa (a+dvitīya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• dvitīya – second
  adjective (masculine)
  Ordinal number from dvi (two)

Note: Agrees with ātmā.

द्वितीयम् (dvitīyam) - a second thing, the second

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dvitīya

dvitīya - second

Ordinal number from dvi (two)

Note: Functions as a noun here, 'a second object/thing'.

किम् (kim) - what, why, which

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why

Interrogative pronoun/adverb

Note: Used interrogatively, 'what?'.

यत् (yat) - that which, because, since

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that, who

Relative pronoun

Note: Refers to vastu.

वस्तु (vastu) - ultimate reality (thing, object, substance, reality)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vastu

vastu - thing, object, substance, reality, essence

Note: Predicate nominative for ātman.

आत्मा (ātmā) - self, soul, essence, spirit

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, essence, spirit, breath

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Subject of abhivāñchatu.

अभिवाञ्छतु (abhivāñchatu) - let it desire, may it desire

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of abhi-vāñch

Imperative active

Root vāñch with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: vāñch (class 1)

Note: Used in an interrogative sense, 'what should it desire?'