योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-122, verse-21

घटे कपालतां याते घटाकाशो न नश्यति ।
यथा तथा शरीरेऽस्मिन्नष्टेऽपि न विनश्यति ॥ २१ ॥

ghaṭe kapālatāṃ yāte ghaṭākāśo na naśyati ,
yathā tathā śarīre'sminnaṣṭe'pi na vinaśyati 21

21. ghaṭe kapālatām yāte ghaṭa-ākāśaḥ na naśyati
yathā tathā śarīre asmin naṣṭe api na vinaśyati

21. yathā ghaṭe kapālatām yāte ghaṭa-ākāśaḥ na naśyati,
tathā asmin śarīre naṣṭe api na vinaśyati.

21. Just as the space (ākāśa) within a pot does not perish when the pot is reduced to potsherds, so too the self (ātman) does not perish even when this body is destroyed.

Words meanings summery:

• घटे (ghaṭe) - in the pot

• कपालताम् (kapālatām) - the state of potsherds, broken pieces

• याते (yāte) - having attained, having gone (when it has broken)

• घट-आकाशः (ghaṭa-ākāśaḥ) - the space in the pot, pot-space

• न (na) - not

• नश्यति (naśyati) - perishes, is destroyed

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as

• तथा (tathā) - so, so also, thus

• शरीरे (śarīre) - in the body

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (body)

• नष्टे (naṣṭe) - destroyed, perished

• अपि (api) - even, though

• न (na) - not

• विनश्यति (vinaśyati) - perishes, is destroyed

Words meanings and morphology

घटे (ghaṭe) - in the pot

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ghaṭa

ghaṭa - pot, jar, pitcher

Root: ghaṭ (class 1)

Note: Absolute locative construction.

कपालताम् (kapālatām) - the state of potsherds, broken pieces

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kapālatā

kapālatā - state of being a potsherd, broken state

From 'kapāla' + 'tā' (abstract suffix)

Note: Object of 'yāte'.

याते (yāte) - having attained, having gone (when it has broken)

(participle)

Locative, masculine, singular of yā

yā - to go, move, attain, reach

Past Active Participle

Locative singular, active voice

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Locative absolute with 'ghaṭe'.

घट-आकाशः (ghaṭa-ākāśaḥ) - the space in the pot, pot-space

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ghaṭa-ākāśa

ghaṭa-ākāśa - space within a pot

Compound type : tatpurusha (ghaṭa+ākāśa)

• ghaṭa – pot, jar
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ghaṭ (class 1)
• ākāśa – space, ether, sky
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'naśyati'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

नश्यति (naśyati) - perishes, is destroyed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of naś

Present Active

Third person singular, present indicative, active voice

Root: naś (class 4)

यथा (yathā) - just as, as

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - so, so also, thus

(indeclinable)

शरीरे (śarīre) - in the body

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śarīra

śarīra - body, corporeal frame

Root: śṝ (class 9)

Note: Absolute locative construction.

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (body)

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Agrees with 'śarīre'.

नष्टे (naṣṭe) - destroyed, perished

(participle)

Locative, neuter, singular of naś

naś - to perish, be lost, disappear

Past Passive Participle

Locative singular

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Locative absolute with 'śarīre asmin'.

अपि (api) - even, though

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

विनश्यति (vinaśyati) - perishes, is destroyed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of naś

Present Active

Third person singular, present indicative, active voice

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: The implied subject is 'ātman'.