योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-122, verse-21

घटे कपालतां याते घटाकाशो न नश्यति ।
यथा तथा शरीरेऽस्मिन्नष्टेऽपि न विनश्यति ॥ २१ ॥

ghaṭe kapālatāṃ yāte ghaṭākāśo na naśyati ,
yathā tathā śarīre'sminnaṣṭe'pi na vinaśyati 21

21. ghaṭe kapālatām yāte ghaṭa-ākāśaḥ na naśyati
yathā tathā śarīre asmin naṣṭe api na vinaśyati

21. yathā ghaṭe kapālatām yāte ghaṭa-ākāśaḥ na naśyati,
tathā asmin śarīre naṣṭe api na vinaśyati.

21. Just as the space (ākāśa) within a pot does not perish when the pot is reduced to potsherds, so too the self (ātman) does not perish even when this body is destroyed.

21. כשכד חרס נשבר לשברים, החלל שבתוך הכד אינו נהרס; בדיוק כך, גם כשהגוף הזה כלה, העצמי אינו כלה לעולם.

Words meanings summery:

• घटे (ghaṭe) - in the pot

• कपालताम् (kapālatām) - the state of potsherds, broken pieces

• याते (yāte) - having attained, having gone (when it has broken)

• घट-आकाशः (ghaṭa-ākāśaḥ) - the space in the pot, pot-space

• न (na) - not

• नश्यति (naśyati) - perishes, is destroyed

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as

• तथा (tathā) - so, so also, thus

• शरीरे (śarīre) - in the body

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (body)

• नष्टे (naṣṭe) - destroyed, perished

• अपि (api) - even, though

• न (na) - not

• विनश्यति (vinaśyati) - perishes, is destroyed

Words meanings and morphology

घटे (ghaṭe) - in the pot

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ghaṭa

ghaṭa - pot, jar, pitcher

Root: ghaṭ (class 1)

Note: Absolute locative construction.

कपालताम् (kapālatām) - the state of potsherds, broken pieces

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kapālatā

kapālatā - state of being a potsherd, broken state

From 'kapāla' + 'tā' (abstract suffix)

Note: Object of 'yāte'.

याते (yāte) - having attained, having gone (when it has broken)

(participle)

Locative, masculine, singular of yā

yā - to go, move, attain, reach

Past Active Participle

Locative singular, active voice

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Locative absolute with 'ghaṭe'.

घट-आकाशः (ghaṭa-ākāśaḥ) - the space in the pot, pot-space

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ghaṭa-ākāśa

ghaṭa-ākāśa - space within a pot

Compound type : tatpurusha (ghaṭa+ākāśa)

• ghaṭa – pot, jar
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ghaṭ (class 1)
• ākāśa – space, ether, sky
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'naśyati'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

नश्यति (naśyati) - perishes, is destroyed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of naś

Present Active

Third person singular, present indicative, active voice

Root: naś (class 4)

यथा (yathā) - just as, as

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - so, so also, thus

(indeclinable)

शरीरे (śarīre) - in the body

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śarīra

śarīra - body, corporeal frame

Root: śṝ (class 9)

Note: Absolute locative construction.

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (body)

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Agrees with 'śarīre'.

नष्टे (naṣṭe) - destroyed, perished

(participle)

Locative, neuter, singular of naś

naś - to perish, be lost, disappear

Past Passive Participle

Locative singular

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Locative absolute with 'śarīre asmin'.

अपि (api) - even, though

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

विनश्यति (vinaśyati) - perishes, is destroyed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of naś

Present Active

Third person singular, present indicative, active voice

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: The implied subject is 'ātman'.

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