योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-111, verse-8

स्वायत्तमेकान्तहितं स्वेप्सितत्यागवेदनम् ।
यस्य दुष्करतां यातं धिक्तं पुरुषकीटकम् ॥ ८ ॥

svāyattamekāntahitaṃ svepsitatyāgavedanam ,
yasya duṣkaratāṃ yātaṃ dhiktaṃ puruṣakīṭakam 8

8. svāyattam ekāntahitam svepsitatyāgavedanam
yasya duṣkaratām yātam dhik tam puruṣakīṭakam

8. dhik tam puruṣakīṭakam yasya svāyattam
ekāntahitam svepsitatyāgavedanam duṣkaratām yātam

8. Shame on that insignificant person (puruṣa) for whom the understanding of abandoning one's own desires—which is inherently within one's power and exclusively beneficial—has become difficult to attain.

Words meanings summery:

• स्वायत्तम् (svāyattam) - inherently within one's power (self-dependent, in one's own power, autonomous)

• एकान्तहितम् (ekāntahitam) - exclusively beneficial (solely beneficial, exclusively good)

• स्वेप्सितत्यागवेदनम् (svepsitatyāgavedanam) - understanding of abandoning one's own desires (knowledge of renouncing one's own desires)

• यस्य (yasya) - for whom (whose, for whom)

• दुष्करताम् (duṣkaratām) - difficult to attain, arduousness (difficulty, arduousness, hardship)

• यातम् (yātam) - has become (difficult) (gone, attained, reached)

• धिक् (dhik) - shame on (fie upon, shame on, woe to)

• तम् (tam) - that (him, that)

• पुरुषकीटकम् (puruṣakīṭakam) - an insignificant person (puruṣa) (a worm among men, an insignificant man)

Words meanings and morphology

स्वायत्तम् (svāyattam) - inherently within one's power (self-dependent, in one's own power, autonomous)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of svāyatta

svāyatta - self-dependent, in one's own power, autonomous

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sva+āyatta)

• sva – own, self
  pronoun
• āyatta – dependent, resting on, subject to
  adjective
  past passive participle
  from `ā-yam` (to seize, to reach)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Modifies `svepsitatyāgavedanam`.

एकान्तहितम् (ekāntahitam) - exclusively beneficial (solely beneficial, exclusively good)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of ekāntahita

ekāntahita - solely beneficial, absolutely good, completely advantageous

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ekānta+hita)

• ekānta – unique, absolute, exclusive, extreme
  adjective/noun (masculine)
• hita – beneficial, advantageous, good, placed, put
  adjective
  past passive participle
  from root `dhā` (to place, to put)
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Modifies `svepsitatyāgavedanam`.

स्वेप्सितत्यागवेदनम् (svepsitatyāgavedanam) - understanding of abandoning one's own desires (knowledge of renouncing one's own desires)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of svepsitatyāgavedana

svepsitatyāgavedana - knowledge of renouncing one's own desires

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svepsita+tyāga+vedana)

• svepsita – one's own desired
  adjective
  past passive participle
  `sva` (own) + `īpsita` (desired, ppp of `āp` with desiderative stem `īps`)
  Root: āp (class 5)
• tyāga – renunciation, abandonment, sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
  Root: tyaj (class 1)
• vedana – knowledge, understanding, feeling, perception
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject of the clause `yasya ... yātam`.

यस्य (yasya) - for whom (whose, for whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Refers to `puruṣakīṭakam`.

दुष्करताम् (duṣkaratām) - difficult to attain, arduousness (difficulty, arduousness, hardship)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of duṣkaratā

duṣkaratā - difficulty, arduousness, hardship, impossibility

suffix `tā` forming feminine noun from adjective `duṣkara`

Note: Object of `yātam` (to go to a state of).

यातम् (yātam) - has become (difficult) (gone, attained, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yāta

yāta - gone, departed, reached, attained, become

past passive participle

from root `yā`

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective/participle for `svepsitatyāgavedanam`.

धिक् (dhik) - shame on (fie upon, shame on, woe to)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - that (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Direct object of `dhik`.

पुरुषकीटकम् (puruṣakīṭakam) - an insignificant person (puruṣa) (a worm among men, an insignificant man)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puruṣakīṭaka

puruṣakīṭaka - a worm among men, a contemptible man, an insignificant man (puruṣa)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+kīṭaka)

• puruṣa – man, person, human being, the cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• kīṭaka – insect, worm, a contemptible person
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of `dhik`.