योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-111, verse-3

त्यजन्नभिमतं वस्तु यस्तिष्ठति निरामयः ।
जितमेव मनस्तेन कुदन्त इव दन्तिना ॥ ३ ॥

tyajannabhimataṃ vastu yastiṣṭhati nirāmayaḥ ,
jitameva manastena kudanta iva dantinā 3

3. tyajan abhimatam vastu yaḥ tiṣṭhati nirāmayaḥ
jitam eva manaḥ tena kudantaḥ iva dantinā

3. yaḥ abhimatam vastu tyajan nirāmayaḥ tiṣṭhati,
tena manaḥ jitam eva,
dantinā kudantaḥ iva.

3. One who remains undisturbed (nirāmaya) while abandoning desired objects, by that person, the mind is indeed conquered, just as an elephant with weak tusks (kudanta) is overcome by another elephant (dantinā).

Words meanings summery:

• त्यजन् (tyajan) - abandoning, giving up, renouncing

• अभिमतम् (abhimatam) - desired, wished for, agreeable, approved

• वस्तु (vastu) - object, thing, substance, reality

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which, that

• तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati) - stands, remains, stays, exists

• निरामयः (nirāmayaḥ) - free from disease, healthy, well, peaceful, undisturbed

• जितम् (jitam) - conquered, won, subdued

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect, heart, thought

• तेन (tena) - by him, by that, therefore

• कुदन्तः (kudantaḥ) - having bad tusks, weak-tusked, bad-toothed

• इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

• दन्तिना (dantinā) - by an elephant

Words meanings and morphology

त्यजन् (tyajan) - abandoning, giving up, renouncing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tyaj

tyaj - to abandon, forsake, give up, renounce

Present Active Participle

Formed from root 'tyaj' (class 1, parasmāipada) + 'śatṛ' suffix, masculine nominative singular.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Acts as an adjective describing 'yaḥ'.

अभिमतम् (abhimatam) - desired, wished for, agreeable, approved

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of abhimata

abhimata - desired, wished for, agreeable, approved, beloved

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'man' (to think) with 'abhi' prefix, then 'kta' (past participle) suffix.

Prefix: abhi

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'vastu'.

वस्तु (vastu) - object, thing, substance, reality

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vastu

vastu - object, thing, substance, reality, wealth

Note: Object of 'tyajan'.

यः (yaḥ) - who, which, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Relative pronoun.

तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati) - stands, remains, stays, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of sthā

Present indicative

Class 1 verb.

Root: sthā (class 1)

निरामयः (nirāmayaḥ) - free from disease, healthy, well, peaceful, undisturbed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirāmaya

nirāmaya - free from disease or distress, healthy, well, peaceful, undisturbed

Bahuvrīhi compound: one who is without disease or distress.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+āmaya)

• nis – without, out, free from
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating absence or negation.
• āmaya – disease, illness, distress
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'am' (to be ill) + 'ghañ' suffix.
  Root: am (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'yaḥ'.

जितम् (jitam) - conquered, won, subdued

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jita

jita - conquered, won, subdued, defeated

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'ji' (to conquer) + 'kta' suffix.

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'manaḥ'.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

Particle.

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect, heart, thought

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, thought, inner sense

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'jitam'.

तेन (tena) - by him, by that, therefore

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'yaḥ', agent in passive construction.

कुदन्तः (kudantaḥ) - having bad tusks, weak-tusked, bad-toothed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kudanta

kudanta - having bad or weak tusks/teeth

Bahuvrīhi compound of 'ku' (bad) and 'danta' (tusk/tooth).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ku+danta)

• ku – bad, evil, deficient, little
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating deterioration or badness.
• danta – tooth, tusk, ivory
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'dam' (to tame, also related to biting).
  Root: dam (class 1)

Note: Implicitly refers to an elephant being conquered in the simile.

इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing comparison or doubt.

Note: Introduces a simile.

दन्तिना (dantinā) - by an elephant

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dantin

dantin - elephant (literally 'having teeth/tusks')

Formed from 'danta' (tooth/tusk) + 'in' suffix meaning 'having'.

Note: Agent in the simile.