योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-111, verse-16

स्वसंवेदनसाध्येऽस्मिन्संकल्पानर्थशासने ।
शान्तायामत्र वपुषि पुंसः कैव कदर्थना ॥ १६ ॥

svasaṃvedanasādhye'sminsaṃkalpānarthaśāsane ,
śāntāyāmatra vapuṣi puṃsaḥ kaiva kadarthanā 16

16. svasaṃvedanasādhye asmin saṃkalpānarthaśāsane
śāntāyām atra vapuṣi puṃsaḥ kā iva kadarthanā

16. svasaṃvedanasādhye asmin saṃkalpānarthaśāsane
atra vapuṣi śāntāyām puṃsaḥ kā iva kadarthanā

16. In this state, which is attainable by self-realization and which dictates the worthlessness of (mental) concepts, when the body here becomes tranquil, what degradation indeed can there be for the individual (puruṣa)?

Words meanings summery:

• स्वसंवेदनसाध्ये (svasaṁvedanasādhye) - attainable by self-realization (attainable by self-realization/self-experience)

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (state/discipline) (in this)

• संकल्पानर्थशासने (saṁkalpānarthaśāsane) - in the discipline which dictates the worthlessness of (mental) concepts (in the discipline/teaching of the worthlessness of concepts/volition)

• शान्तायाम् (śāntāyām) - when tranquil ((when) peaceful, tranquil, calm)

• अत्र (atra) - here (in this context) (here, in this place, in this matter)

• वपुषि (vapuṣi) - in the body (in the body, in the form, in the essence)

• पुंसः (puṁsaḥ) - for the individual (puruṣa) (of a man, of a person, of the cosmic person (puruṣa))

• का (kā) - what (what (feminine nominative singular))

• इव (iva) - indeed (intensifier in question) (like, as, as if, indeed)

• कदर्थना (kadarthanā) - degradation, suffering (humiliation, degradation, misery, suffering, ill-treatment)

Words meanings and morphology

स्वसंवेदनसाध्ये (svasaṁvedanasādhye) - attainable by self-realization (attainable by self-realization/self-experience)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of svasaṃvedanasādhya

svasaṁvedanasādhya - attainable by self-realization, to be accomplished by self-perception

Gerundive

Compound: sva (self) + saṃvedana (experience/perception) + sādhya (to be attained/accomplished). Sādhya is a gerundive from root sādh (to accomplish).

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+saṃvedana+sādhya)

• sva – self, own
  pronoun (masculine)
• saṃvedana – consciousness, perception, experience, feeling
  noun (neuter)
  From root vid (to know) with prefix sam.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: vid (class 2)
• sādhya – to be accomplished, attainable, achievable
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  From root sādh (to accomplish, succeed).
  Root: sādh (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'saṃkalpānarthaśāsane' (locative).

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (state/discipline) (in this)

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Refers to the state or teaching described.

संकल्पानर्थशासने (saṁkalpānarthaśāsane) - in the discipline which dictates the worthlessness of (mental) concepts (in the discipline/teaching of the worthlessness of concepts/volition)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saṃkalpānarthaśāsana

saṁkalpānarthaśāsana - the discipline of the worthlessness of concepts

Compound: saṃkalpa (concept/volition) + anartha (worthlessness/evil) + śāsana (discipline/teaching).

Compound type : tatpurusha (saṃkalpa+anartha+śāsana)

• saṃkalpa – concept, intention, resolve, volition
  noun (masculine)
  From root kḷp (to be arranged) with prefix sam.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kḷp (class 1)
• anartha – worthlessness, evil, misfortune, futility
  noun (masculine)
  Negation of artha (purpose, meaning, value).
  Prefix: a
• śāsana – discipline, teaching, rule, command
  noun (neuter)
  From root śās (to teach, instruct, rule).
  Root: śās (class 2)

Note: The locative indicates the context or state.

शान्तायाम् (śāntāyām) - when tranquil ((when) peaceful, tranquil, calm)

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of śānta

śānta - peaceful, tranquil, calm, quieted

Past Passive Participle

From root śam (to be calm, cease). Feminine form.

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'vapuṣi' (feminine locative, often used in locative absolute constructions).

अत्र (atra) - here (in this context) (here, in this place, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem 'idam' (this) + suffix '-tra'.

Note: Emphasizes 'in this context' or 'in this body'.

वपुषि (vapuṣi) - in the body (in the body, in the form, in the essence)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vapus

vapus - body, form, nature, essence

From root vap (to sow, scatter, weave) or from √vṛp (to form).

Root: vap (class 1)

Note: Locative absolute construction with 'śāntāyām'.

पुंसः (puṁsaḥ) - for the individual (puruṣa) (of a man, of a person, of the cosmic person (puruṣa))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, male, the cosmic person, soul (puruṣa)

Note: Expresses possession or 'for whom'.

का (kā) - what (what (feminine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

Note: Interrogative pronoun. Agrees with 'kadarthanā'.

इव (iva) - indeed (intensifier in question) (like, as, as if, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: An emphasizing particle in this context.

कदर्थना (kadarthanā) - degradation, suffering (humiliation, degradation, misery, suffering, ill-treatment)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kadarthanā

kadarthanā - humiliation, degradation, misery, ill-treatment, distress

From 'kad' (prefix meaning bad, evil) + 'arthanā' (request, meaning, purpose). The 'kad' prefix often signifies something bad or unworthy. Often interpreted as 'bad purpose' or 'misery'.

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'asti' (is).

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