योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-111, verse-38

बालं पुत्रमिवोदारे मनः श्रेयसि योजयेत् ।
अक्षयं चानवं चेतःसिंहं संसृतिबृंहणम् ।
घ्नन्ति ये ते जयन्तीह निर्वाणपददायिनः ॥ ३८ ॥

bālaṃ putramivodāre manaḥ śreyasi yojayet ,
akṣayaṃ cānavaṃ cetaḥsiṃhaṃ saṃsṛtibṛṃhaṇam ,
ghnanti ye te jayantīha nirvāṇapadadāyinaḥ 38

38. bālam putram iva udāre manaḥ śreyasi
yojayet | akṣayam ca anavam
cetaḥsiṃham saṃsṛtibṛṃhaṇam | ghnanti
ye te jayanti iha nirvāṇapadadāyinaḥ

38. manaḥ bālam putram iva udāre śreyasi yojayet ye akṣayam ca anavam saṃsṛtibṛṃhaṇam cetaḥsiṃham ghnanti,
te iha nirvāṇapadadāyinaḥ jayanti

38. One should direct the mind (manaḥ) towards the ultimate good (śreyas), just as one would guide a young child to a noble path. Those who here slay that mind-lion (cetaḥsiṃha), which is inexhaustible and laden with impurity, and which strengthens the cycle of transmigration (saṃsāra), they attain victory and grant the state of final liberation (nirvāṇa).

Words meanings summery:

• बालम् (bālam) - a young child (a child, young one)

• पुत्रम् (putram) - son

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

• उदारे (udāre) - (implied: in a noble path/way) (in the noble, generous, exalted, mighty)

• मनः (manaḥ) - the mind (manaḥ) (mind, intellect, heart)

• श्रेयसि (śreyasi) - towards the ultimate good (śreyas) (in the good, in the ultimate good, in prosperity)

• योजयेत् (yojayet) - one should direct (the mind) (one should apply, one should direct, one should engage)

• अक्षयम् (akṣayam) - inexhaustible, persistent (referring to the mind-lion) (imperishable, inexhaustible, undecaying)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अनवम् (anavam) - laden with impurity, faulty (noun anava used adjectivally) (sin, blemish, fault (noun) / faultless, pure (adjective))

• चेतःसिंहम् (cetaḥsiṁham) - the mind, likened to a lion (mind-lion)

• संसृतिबृंहणम् (saṁsṛtibṛṁhaṇam) - strengthening the cycle of transmigration (saṃsāra) (nourishing saṃsāra, strengthening transmigration)

• घ्नन्ति (ghnanti) - they slay (the mind-lion) (they kill, they strike, they destroy)

• ये (ye) - those who (who (plural))

• ते (te) - they (they (plural))

• जयन्ति (jayanti) - they attain victory (they conquer, they are victorious)

• इह (iha) - here (in this world/life) (here, in this world, now)

• निर्वाणपददायिनः (nirvāṇapadadāyinaḥ) - those who grant the state of final liberation (nirvāṇa) (givers of the state of nirvāṇa, those who grant liberation)

Words meanings and morphology

बालम् (bālam) - a young child (a child, young one)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bāla

bāla - child, young, immature, foolish

a-stem masculine noun.

Note: Object of comparison for manaḥ.

पुत्रम् (putram) - son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

a-stem masculine noun.

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

उदारे (udāre) - (implied: in a noble path/way) (in the noble, generous, exalted, mighty)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of udāra

udāra - noble, exalted, generous, distinguished, great

a-stem adjective.

Prefix: ud

Root: ṛ (class 1)

मनः (manaḥ) - the mind (manaḥ) (mind, intellect, heart)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, consciousness, heart

s-stem neuter noun.

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of yojayet.

श्रेयसि (śreyasi) - towards the ultimate good (śreyas) (in the good, in the ultimate good, in prosperity)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - better, superior, more excellent; welfare, ultimate good

as-stem neuter noun.

Root: śrī (class 1)

योजयेत् (yojayet) - one should direct (the mind) (one should apply, one should direct, one should engage)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of yuj

Root yuj (class 7). Causative form yojayati. Optative, active, 3rd person singular.

Root: yuj (class 7)

अक्षयम् (akṣayam) - inexhaustible, persistent (referring to the mind-lion) (imperishable, inexhaustible, undecaying)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of akṣaya

akṣaya - imperishable, inexhaustible, undecaying, eternal

From 'a' (negation) and kṣaya (perish, decay).

Prefix: a

Root: kṣi (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

अनवम् (anavam) - laden with impurity, faulty (noun anava used adjectivally) (sin, blemish, fault (noun) / faultless, pure (adjective))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anava

anava - fault, sin, blemish (neuter noun); faultless, pure (adjective)

a-stem neuter noun. Here used adjectivally.

Note: Contextually implies 'impure' or 'faulty' due to saṃsṛtibṛṃhaṇam.

चेतःसिंहम् (cetaḥsiṁham) - the mind, likened to a lion (mind-lion)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cetaḥsiṃha

cetaḥsiṁha - mind-lion (metaphor for a powerful, untamed mind)

Tatpuruṣa compound of cetas (mind) and siṃha (lion).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cetas+siṃha)

• cetas – mind, consciousness, intellect, heart
  noun (neuter)
  s-stem neuter noun
  Root: cit (class 1)
• siṃha – lion, a powerful person
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of ghnanti.

संसृतिबृंहणम् (saṁsṛtibṛṁhaṇam) - strengthening the cycle of transmigration (saṃsāra) (nourishing saṃsāra, strengthening transmigration)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saṃsṛtibṛṃhaṇa

saṁsṛtibṛṁhaṇa - nourishing (saṃsāra), causing (saṃsāra) to grow/expand

Compound of saṃsṛti (saṃsāra) and bṛṃhaṇa (nourishing/strengthening).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṃsṛti+bṛṃhaṇa)

• saṃsṛti – transmigration, cycle of birth and death (saṃsāra)
  noun (feminine)
  From sam + sṛ (to flow, run together)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sṛ (class 1)
• bṛṃhaṇa – nourishing, strengthening, increasing, expanding
  adjective (neuter)
  Agent noun/Adjective from causative
  From root bṛh (to grow, to be strong), causative bṛṃhayati
  Root: bṛh (class 1)

घ्नन्ति (ghnanti) - they slay (the mind-lion) (they kill, they strike, they destroy)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of han

Root han (class 2). Present active, 3rd person plural.

Root: han (class 2)

ये (ye) - those who (who (plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what, whoever

Relative pronoun.

Note: Subject of ghnanti.

ते (te) - they (they (plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of jayanti.

जयन्ति (jayanti) - they attain victory (they conquer, they are victorious)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of ji

Root ji (class 1). Present active, 3rd person plural.

Root: ji (class 1)

इह (iha) - here (in this world/life) (here, in this world, now)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place/time.

निर्वाणपददायिनः (nirvāṇapadadāyinaḥ) - those who grant the state of final liberation (nirvāṇa) (givers of the state of nirvāṇa, those who grant liberation)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirvāṇapadadāyin

nirvāṇapadadāyin - granting the state of nirvāṇa, bestowing liberation

Agent noun/Adjective

Compound of nirvāṇa (liberation), pada (state/foot), dāyin (giver).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nirvāṇa+pada+dāyin)

• nirvāṇa – extinction, liberation, final beatitude (nirvāṇa)
  noun (neuter)
  From nir + vā (to blow out)
  Prefix: nis
  Root: vā (class 2)
• pada – foot, step, state, condition, rank
  noun (neuter)
  Root: pad (class 4)
• dāyin – giving, granting, bestowing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent suffix
  From root dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Predicate nominative to te.

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