योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-111, verse-24

अपि स्ववेदनाक्रान्तौ न शक्ता ये नराधमाः ।
कथं व्यवहरिष्यन्ति व्यवहारदशासु ते ॥ २४ ॥

api svavedanākrāntau na śaktā ye narādhamāḥ ,
kathaṃ vyavahariṣyanti vyavahāradaśāsu te 24

24. api svavedanākrāntau na śaktā ye narādhamāḥ
katham vyavahariṣyanti vyavahāradaśāsu te

24. ye narādhamāḥ svavedanākrāntau api na śaktāḥ
te vyavahāradaśāsu katham vyavahariṣyanti

24. How will those wretched people, who are not even capable when afflicted by their own pain, conduct themselves in situations requiring worldly conduct?

Words meanings summery:

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• स्ववेदनाक्रान्तौ (svavedanākrāntau) - in the state of being afflicted by one's own pain

• न (na) - not

• शक्ता (śaktā) - capable, able

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• नराधमाः (narādhamāḥ) - lowest among men, wretched people

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• व्यवहरिष्यन्ति (vyavahariṣyanti) - they will conduct themselves, they will behave

• व्यवहारदशासु (vyavahāradaśāsu) - in situations of worldly conduct/affairs

• ते (te) - they

Words meanings and morphology

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

स्ववेदनाक्रान्तौ (svavedanākrāntau) - in the state of being afflicted by one's own pain

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of svavedanākrānta

svavedanākrānta - afflicted by one's own pain

Compound formed from 'svavedanā' and 'ākrānta'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svavedanā+ākrānta)

• svavedanā – one's own pain/suffering
  noun (feminine)
• ākrānta – overcome, afflicted, invaded
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `kram` with prefix `ā`.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Acts as an adverbial phrase indicating the condition 'when afflicted by their own pain'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

शक्ता (śaktā) - capable, able

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śakta

śakta - able, capable, powerful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `śak`.

Root: śak (class 5)

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Relative pronoun.

नराधमाः (narādhamāḥ) - lowest among men, wretched people

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of narādhama

narādhama - lowest among men, a contemptible person

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhama)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhama – lowest, inferior, worst
  adjective

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb.

व्यवहरिष्यन्ति (vyavahariṣyanti) - they will conduct themselves, they will behave

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of vyavahṛ

Future Tense

Third person plural future active of root `hṛ` with prefixes `vi` and `ava`.

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: hṛ (class 1)

व्यवहारदशासु (vyavahāradaśāsu) - in situations of worldly conduct/affairs

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of vyavahāradaśā

vyavahāradaśā - state/situation of worldly conduct, practical affairs

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vyavahāra+daśā)

• vyavahāra – worldly conduct, practical life, custom
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `hṛ` with prefixes `vi` and `ava`.
  Prefixes: vi+ava
  Root: hṛ (class 1)
• daśā – state, condition, situation
  noun (feminine)

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Corresponds to 'ye'.