वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-30, verse-37

तदा प्रभृति भूयिष्ठं प्रजा रूपसमन्विताः ।
शापोत्सर्गाद्धि तस्येदं मुनेः सर्वमुपागतम् ॥३७॥

37. tadā prabhṛti bhūyiṣṭhaṃ prajā rūpasamanvitāḥ ,
śāpotsargāddhi tasyedaṃ muneḥ sarvamupāgatam.

37. tadā prabhṛti bhūyiṣṭham prajāḥ rūpasamanvitāḥ
śāpotsargāt hi tasya idam muneḥ sarvam upāgatam

37. tadā prabhṛti bhūyiṣṭham prajāḥ rūpasamanvitāḥ
hi idam sarvam tasya muneḥ śāpotsargāt upāgatam

37. From that time onwards, the majority of beings became endowed with beauty, for all of this has indeed come to pass from the utterance of that sage's curse.

Words meanings summery:

• तदा (tadā) - from that time (then, at that time)

• प्रभृति (prabhṛti) - onwards (from, beginning from, onwards)

• भूयिष्ठम् (bhūyiṣṭham) - the majority (of creatures) (most, mostly, in great measure)

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - creatures, beings (creatures, offspring, subjects, people)

• रूपसमन्विताः (rūpasamanvitāḥ) - endowed with beauty

• शापोत्सर्गात् (śāpotsargāt) - from the utterance of the curse (from the utterance of a curse, from the discharge of a curse)

• हि (hi) - indeed, for (indeed, for, because)

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (sage), his (of that, his)

• इदम् (idam) - this (phenomenon) (this)

• मुनेः (muneḥ) - of that sage (of the sage, of the ascetic)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all of this (all, everything)

• उपागतम् (upāgatam) - has come about, has happened (came, arrived, happened, attained)

Words meanings and morphology

तदा (tadā) - from that time (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Derived from tad (that) + suffix -dā.

Note: Temporal adverb.

प्रभृति (prabhṛti) - onwards (from, beginning from, onwards)

(indeclinable)

Can function as an indeclinable or a feminine noun meaning 'commencement'. Here, used as an indeclinable with tadā to mean 'from that time onwards'.

Prefix: pra

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Indicates starting point in time.

भूयिष्ठम् (bhūyiṣṭham) - the majority (of creatures) (most, mostly, in great measure)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhūyiṣṭha

bhūyiṣṭha - most, greatest, largest number

Superlative degree of bahu (much, many)

Superlative of 'bahu'. Here used adverbially or as an adjective qualifying 'prajāḥ'.

Note: Adverbial usage, 'mostly' or 'in the greatest part'.

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - creatures, beings (creatures, offspring, subjects, people)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - offspring, progeny, creatures, subjects, people

From pra-jan (to beget).

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

रूपसमन्विताः (rūpasamanvitāḥ) - endowed with beauty

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of rūpasamanvita

rūpasamanvita - endowed with beauty

Bahuvrihi compound: rūpa (beauty) + samanvita (endowed with, accompanied by).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (rūpa+samanvita)

• rūpa – form, beauty, appearance
  noun (neuter)
• samanvita – endowed with, accompanied by, possessed of
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root i (to go) with upasargas sam and anu, or from root an (to breathe) with upasargas sam and anu.
  Prefixes: sam+anu
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'prajāḥ'.

शापोत्सर्गात् (śāpotsargāt) - from the utterance of the curse (from the utterance of a curse, from the discharge of a curse)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of śāpotsarga

śāpotsarga - utterance/discharge of a curse

Tatpurusha compound: śāpa (curse) + utsarga (utterance, emission).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śāpa+utsarga)

• śāpa – curse, imprecation
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śap (class 1)
• utsarga – utterance, emission, abandonment
  noun (masculine)
  From root sṛj (to emit, create) with prefix ut.
  Prefix: ut
  Root: sṛj (class 6)

हि (hi) - indeed, for (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

तस्य (tasya) - of that (sage), his (of that, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Refers to the muni.

इदम् (idam) - this (phenomenon) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here, present

Note: Refers to the general situation described.

मुनेः (muneḥ) - of that sage (of the sage, of the ascetic)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, silent one

Note: Refers to the ascetic who pronounced the curse.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all of this (all, everything)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Used substantively, 'everything'.

उपागतम् (upāgatam) - has come about, has happened (came, arrived, happened, attained)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of upāgata

upāgata - come, arrived, happened, attained

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (to go) with upasargas upa and ā.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used predicatively as 'has happened', agreeing with 'sarvam' and 'idam'.