वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-30, verse-31

तत्राधर्मः सुबलवान् समुत्थास्यति यो महान् ।
तत्रार्धं तस्य यः कर्ता त्वय्यर्धं निपतिष्यति ॥३१॥

31. tatrādharmaḥ subalavān samutthāsyati yo mahān ,
tatrārdhaṃ tasya yaḥ kartā tvayyardhaṃ nipatiṣyati.

31. tatra adharmaḥ su-balavān sam-utthāsyati yaḥ mahān
tatra ardham tasya yaḥ kartā tvayi ardham nipatiṣyati

31. tatra mahān su-balavān adharmaḥ yaḥ samutthāsyati,
tasya ardham yaḥ kartā (tasmin nipatiṣyati),
ardham tvayi nipatiṣyati

31. There, a great and very powerful unrighteousness (adharma) will arise. Half of that (adharma) will fall upon its doer, and the other half will fall upon you.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there, then, in that case

• अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - unrighteousness, injustice, violation of natural law (adharma)

• सु-बलवान् (su-balavān) - very powerful, exceedingly strong

• सम्-उत्थास्यति (sam-utthāsyati) - will arise, will stand up

• यः (yaḥ) - which, who

• महान् (mahān) - great, large, powerful

• तत्र (tatra) - there, then

• अर्धम् (ardham) - half

• तस्य (tasya) - of that, its

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• कर्ता (kartā) - doer, creator, agent

• त्वयि (tvayi) - on you, in you

• अर्धम् (ardham) - half

• निपतिष्यति (nipatiṣyati) - will fall down, will alight

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there, then, in that case

(indeclinable)

Note: Locative adverb.

अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - unrighteousness, injustice, violation of natural law (adharma)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, wrong, evil, violation of natural law (adharma)

Compound of 'a' (negation) and 'dharma'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+dharma)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
• dharma – righteousness, natural law, constitution, duty, virtue (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root dhṛ (to uphold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

सु-बलवान् (su-balavān) - very powerful, exceedingly strong

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of subalavat

subalavat - very strong, exceedingly powerful

Compound of 'su' (good, very) and 'balavat' (strong). 'balavat' derived from 'bala' (strength) with suffix '-vat'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (su+balavat)

• su – good, well, very, exceedingly
  indeclinable
• balavat – strong, powerful, having strength
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from 'bala' (strength) with possessive suffix '-vat'.

Note: Nominative singular of `subalavat`, masculine.

सम्-उत्थास्यति (sam-utthāsyati) - will arise, will stand up

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (ḷṛṭ) of samutthā

Root sthā (to stand) with prefixes ut- and sam-.

Prefixes: sam+ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: 3rd person singular future active.

यः (yaḥ) - which, who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Masculine nominative singular form of `yad`, referring to `adharmaḥ`.

महान् (mahān) - great, large, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, powerful, important

Note: Nominative singular of `mahat`, masculine, modifying `adharmaḥ`.

तत्र (tatra) - there, then

(indeclinable)

Note: Locative adverb, repeated from first line.

अर्धम् (ardham) - half

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ardha

ardha - half, part

Note: Nominative singular, referring to 'half' of the `adharma`.

तस्य (tasya) - of that, its

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Genitive singular, referring to `adharma`.

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Masculine nominative singular form of `yad`, referring to `kartā`.

कर्ता (kartā) - doer, creator, agent

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kartṛ

kartṛ - doer, maker, creator, agent

agent noun

Derived from root kṛ (to do, make) with agent suffix -tṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Nominative singular of agent noun `kartṛ`.

त्वयि (tvayi) - on you, in you

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Locative singular form of `yuṣmad`.

अर्धम् (ardham) - half

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ardha

ardha - half, part

Note: Nominative singular, referring to the other 'half' of the `adharma`.

निपतिष्यति (nipatiṣyati) - will fall down, will alight

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (ḷṛṭ) of nipat

Root pat (to fall) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: 3rd person singular future active.