वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-87, verse-7

तामसं सुमहाघोरं चकारास्त्रं सुदारुणम् ।
निर्ददाह कपीन् सर्वांस्ते प्रपेतुः समन्ततः ॥७॥

7. tāmasaṃ sumahāghoraṃ cakārāstraṃ sudāruṇam ,
nirdadāha kapīn sarvāṃste prapetuḥ samantataḥ.

7. tāmasam su-mahā-ghoram cakāra astram su-dāruṇam
nirdadāha kapīn sarvān te prapatuḥ samantataḥ

7. cakāra astram tāmasam su-mahā-ghoram su-dāruṇam
nirdadāha kapīn sarvān te samantataḥ prapatuḥ

7. He wielded a very terrible and extremely dreadful (tāmasa) weapon. It burnt all the monkeys, and they fell down in every direction.

Words meanings summery:

• तामसम् (tāmasam) - relating to the quality of `tamas` (darkness, inertia), hence terrible or dreadful (relating to `tamas`, dark, ignorant, dull, terrible)

• सु-महा-घोरम् (su-mahā-ghoram) - extremely dreadful (very greatly dreadful, extremely terrible)

• चकार (cakāra) - he wielded (a weapon) (he made, he did, he performed)

• अस्त्रम् (astram) - a weapon (magical missile) (weapon, missile, arrow)

• सु-दारुणम् (su-dāruṇam) - very dreadful (very dreadful, extremely cruel)

• निर्ददाह (nirdadāha) - he burnt (the monkeys) (he burnt completely, he consumed)

• कपीन् (kapīn) - the monkeys (monkeys)

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (the monkeys) (all, every, entire)

• ते (te) - they (the monkeys) (they, those)

• प्रपतुः (prapatuḥ) - they fell down (they fell down, they fell forth)

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - in every direction (from all sides, all around, everywhere)

Words meanings and morphology

तामसम् (tāmasam) - relating to the quality of `tamas` (darkness, inertia), hence terrible or dreadful (relating to `tamas`, dark, ignorant, dull, terrible)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tāmasa

tāmasa - dark, ignorant, dull, terrible, relating to `tamas` (one of the three `guṇas`)

Derived from `tamas`.

Note: Agrees with `astram`.

सु-महा-घोरम् (su-mahā-ghoram) - extremely dreadful (very greatly dreadful, extremely terrible)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of su-mahā-ghora

su-mahā-ghora - very greatly dreadful, extremely terrible

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahā+ghora)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective (part of compound) (feminine)
  From `mahat` (great).
• ghora – dreadful, terrible, awful
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with `astram`.

चकार (cakāra) - he wielded (a weapon) (he made, he did, he performed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Perfect Tense

Perfect tense (liṭ) 3rd person singular active.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject is implied (e.g., Rāvaṇa).

अस्त्रम् (astram) - a weapon (magical missile) (weapon, missile, arrow)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of astra

astra - weapon, missile, magical weapon, arrow

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Object of `cakāra`.

सु-दारुणम् (su-dāruṇam) - very dreadful (very dreadful, extremely cruel)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of su-dāruṇa

su-dāruṇa - very dreadful, extremely cruel, terrible

Compound type : avyayībhāva (su+dāruṇa)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• dāruṇa – dreadful, terrible, cruel, harsh
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with `astram`.

निर्ददाह (nirdadāha) - he burnt (the monkeys) (he burnt completely, he consumed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of nirdah

Perfect Tense

Perfect tense (liṭ) 3rd person singular active of root `dah` with prefix `nir`.

Prefix: nir

Root: dah (class 1)

Note: Subject is implied (the weapon or its wielder).

कपीन् (kapīn) - the monkeys (monkeys)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kapi

kapi - monkey, ape

Note: Object of `nirdadāha`.

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (the monkeys) (all, every, entire)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire, whole

Note: Agrees with `kapīn`.

ते (te) - they (the monkeys) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of `prapatuḥ`.

प्रपतुः (prapatuḥ) - they fell down (they fell down, they fell forth)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of prapat

Perfect Tense

Perfect tense (liṭ) 3rd person plural active of root `pat` with prefix `pra`.

Prefix: pra

Root: pat (class 1)

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - in every direction (from all sides, all around, everywhere)

(indeclinable)

`tas` suffix meaning 'from' or 'in the direction of'.