वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-87, verse-20

शरधारास्ततो रामो रावणस्य धनुश्च्युताः ।
दृष्ट्वैवापतिताः शीघ्रं भल्लाञ्जग्राह सत्वरम् ॥२०॥

20. śaradhārāstato rāmo rāvaṇasya dhanuścyutāḥ ,
dṛṣṭvaivāpatitāḥ śīghraṃ bhallāñjagrāha satvaram.

20. śaradhārāḥ tataḥ rāmaḥ rāvaṇasya dhanuḥ cyutāḥ dṛṣṭvā
eva āpatitāḥ śīghram bhallān ajagrāha satvaram

20. tataḥ rāmaḥ rāvaṇasya dhanuḥ cyutāḥ śīghram āpatitāḥ
śaradhārāḥ dṛṣṭvā eva satvaram bhallān ajagrāha

20. Then, Rama, seeing those swift streams of arrows discharged from Ravana's bow approaching, quickly grasped his 'bhalla' arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• शरधाराः (śaradhārāḥ) - streams of arrows (streams/showers of arrows)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (indicating sequence) (then, thence)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama

• रावणस्य (rāvaṇasya) - of Ravana

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• च्युताः (cyutāḥ) - discharged (from the bow) (fallen, discharged, dropped)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• एव (eva) - just (as soon as he saw) (indeed, only, just)

• आपतिताः (āpatitāḥ) - approaching, flying towards (fallen, descended, flown towards)

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - swiftly (quickly, swiftly)

• भल्लान् (bhallān) - bhalla arrows (bhalla arrows (a type of arrow with a broad head))

• अजग्राह (ajagrāha) - he seized, grasped

• सत्वरम् (satvaram) - swiftly (quickly, swiftly, with speed)

Words meanings and morphology

शरधाराः (śaradhārāḥ) - streams of arrows (streams/showers of arrows)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of śaradhārā

śaradhārā - stream of arrows

Tatpurusha compound: śara (arrow) + dhārā (stream)

Compound type : tatpurusha (śara+dhārā)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• dhārā – stream, current, shower
  noun (feminine)
  From √dhṛ (to hold, support)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'āpatitāḥ'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then (indicating sequence) (then, thence)

(indeclinable)

From tad (that) + -tas suffix

Note: Adverb of time.

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of the epic hero)

Note: Subject of the main action.

रावणस्य (rāvaṇasya) - of Ravana

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Ravana

Note: Possessive attribute for 'dhanuḥ'.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arc

Note: This is an adverbial usage with 'cyutāḥ' or part of a compound. Here, it is the source from which the arrows are discharged.

च्युताः (cyutāḥ) - discharged (from the bow) (fallen, discharged, dropped)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of cyuta

cyuta - fallen, dropped, discharged, departed

Past Passive Participle

From root √cyu (to fall, move)

Root: cyu (class 1)

Note: Describes 'śaradhārāḥ'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

From root √dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Gerund.

एव (eva) - just (as soon as he saw) (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

Note: Emphatic particle.

आपतिताः (āpatitāḥ) - approaching, flying towards (fallen, descended, flown towards)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of āpatita

āpatita - fallen, descended, arrived, approached

Past Passive Participle

From prefix ā + root √pat (to fall, fly)

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Describes 'śaradhārāḥ'.

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - swiftly (quickly, swiftly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'āpatitāḥ'.

भल्लान् (bhallān) - bhalla arrows (bhalla arrows (a type of arrow with a broad head))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhalla

bhalla - a kind of arrow (with a crescent-shaped or broad head)

Note: Object of 'ajagrāha'.

अजग्राह (ajagrāha) - he seized, grasped

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of √grah

Perfect (Lit)

From root √grah (to seize). Reduplicated for perfect.

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

सत्वरम् (satvaram) - swiftly (quickly, swiftly, with speed)

(indeclinable)

From sa (with) + tvara (speed)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (sa+tvara)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix/Preposition
• tvara – speed, haste
  noun (masculine)
  From √tvar (to hasten)
  Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Adverb modifying 'ajagrāha'.

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