वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-87, verse-47

तदस्त्रं निहतं दृष्ट्वा रामेणाक्लिष्टकर्मणा ।
हृष्टा नेदुस्ततः सर्वे कपयः कामरूपिणः ॥४७॥

47. tadastraṃ nihataṃ dṛṣṭvā rāmeṇākliṣṭakarmaṇā ,
hṛṣṭā nedustataḥ sarve kapayaḥ kāmarūpiṇaḥ.

47. tat astram nihatam dṛṣṭvā rāmeṇa akliṣṭakarmaṇā
hṛṣṭāḥ neduḥ tataḥ sarve kapayaḥ kāmarūpiṇaḥ

47. Seeing that weapon destroyed by Rāma, whose actions (karma) are untiring, all the monkeys, who could assume any form at will, then rejoiced and roared aloud.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that (Rāvaṇa's) weapon (that, that (weapon))

• अस्त्रम् (astram) - (Rāvaṇa's) weapon (weapon, missile)

• निहतम् (nihatam) - destroyed (the weapon) (struck down, destroyed, killed)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rāma

• अक्लिष्टकर्मणा (akliṣṭakarmaṇā) - by Rāma, whose actions (karma) are untiring (by the one of untiring actions/deeds)

• हृष्टाः (hṛṣṭāḥ) - joyful, delighted, happy

• नेदुः (neduḥ) - they roared, they shouted

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (monkeys) (all, every)

• कपयः (kapayaḥ) - monkeys

• कामरूपिणः (kāmarūpiṇaḥ) - assuming forms at will

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that (Rāvaṇa's) weapon (that, that (weapon))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Agreement with 'astram'.

अस्त्रम् (astram) - (Rāvaṇa's) weapon (weapon, missile)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of astra

astra - weapon, missile

From root '√as' (to throw) + 'tra' suffix.

Root: √as (class 4)

Note: Subject of the implied clause modified by 'dṛṣṭvā'.

निहतम् (nihatam) - destroyed (the weapon) (struck down, destroyed, killed)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

From root '√dṛś'.

Root: √dṛś (class 1)

Note: Connects the act of seeing with the subsequent rejoicing.

रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rāma

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (proper name)

Note: Agent of 'nihatam'.

अक्लिष्टकर्मणा (akliṣṭakarmaṇā) - by Rāma, whose actions (karma) are untiring (by the one of untiring actions/deeds)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of akliṣṭakarman

akliṣṭakarman - one whose actions are untiring, unwearied in action

A Bahuvrīhi compound: 'a' (not) + 'kliṣṭa' (wearied, troubled, PPP of √kliś) + 'karman' (action, deed).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+kliṣṭa+karman)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• kliṣṭa – wearied, tired, troubled
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root '√kliś' (to suffer, to trouble).
  Root: √kliś (class 4)
• karman – action, deed, work, (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  From root '√kṛ' (to do) + 'man' suffix.
  Root: √kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies 'rāmeṇa'.

हृष्टाः (hṛṣṭāḥ) - joyful, delighted, happy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - joyful, delighted, happy

Past Passive Participle

From root '√hṛṣ' (to be glad).

Root: √hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'kapayaḥ'.

नेदुः (neduḥ) - they roared, they shouted

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of √nad

Root: √nad (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from 'tad'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all (monkeys) (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Qualifies 'kapayaḥ'.

कपयः (kapayaḥ) - monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kapi

kapi - monkey, ape

Note: Subject of 'neduḥ'.

कामरूपिणः (kāmarūpiṇaḥ) - assuming forms at will

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kāmarūpin

kāmarūpin - assuming any form at will, shape-shifting

Compound of 'kāma' (desire) and 'rūpin' (having form).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāma+rūpin)

• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  From root '√kam' (to desire).
  Root: √kam (class 1)
• rūpin – having form, embodied
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'rūpa' (form) + 'in' suffix.

Note: Qualifies 'kapayaḥ'.