वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-87, verse-12

विस्फारयितुमारेभे ततः स धनुरुत्तमम् ।
महावेगं महानादं निर्भिन्दन्निव मेदिनीम् ॥१२॥

12. visphārayitumārebhe tataḥ sa dhanuruttamam ,
mahāvegaṃ mahānādaṃ nirbhindanniva medinīm.

12. visphārayitum ārebhe tataḥ saḥ dhanuḥ uttamam
mahāvegam mahānādam nirbhindan iva medinīm

12. tataḥ saḥ uttamam dhanuḥ mahāvegam mahānādam
medinīm nirbhindan iva visphārayitum ārebhe

12. Then he began to draw his excellent bow with great speed and a mighty roar, as if splitting the earth.

Words meanings summery:

• विस्फारयितुम् (visphārayitum) - to draw (his bow) (to draw (a bowstring), to stretch, to expand)

• आरेभे (ārebhe) - he began (he began, he commenced)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there, thereafter)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Rāma) (he, that (masculine singular))

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - (his) bow (bow)

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent (excellent, best, supreme)

• महावेगम् (mahāvegam) - with great speed (with great speed, very swift)

• महानादम् (mahānādam) - with a mighty roar (with a mighty sound, with a great roar)

• निर्भिन्दन् (nirbhindan) - splitting, tearing apart (splitting, tearing apart, piercing)

• इव (iva) - as if (like, as if, as, similar to)

• मेदिनीम् (medinīm) - the earth (earth, ground)

Words meanings and morphology

विस्फारयितुम् (visphārayitum) - to draw (his bow) (to draw (a bowstring), to stretch, to expand)

(infinitive)

आरेभे (ārebhe) - he began (he began, he commenced)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of ārabha

Perfect tense

Reduplicated perfect form of root rabh with upasarga ā. Atmanepada, 3rd person singular.

Prefix: ā

Root: rabh (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there, thereafter)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time/place.

सः (saḥ) - he (Rāma) (he, that (masculine singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he/she/it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of 'ārebhe'.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - (his) bow (bow)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

Note: Object of 'visphārayitum'.

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent (excellent, best, supreme)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - excellent, best, supreme

Superlative degree.

Note: Modifies 'dhanuḥ'.

महावेगम् (mahāvegam) - with great speed (with great speed, very swift)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahāvega

mahāvega - great speed, very swift

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+vega)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
• vega – speed, velocity, impulse
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vij

Note: Adverbial accusative, describing how the action is performed.

महानादम् (mahānādam) - with a mighty roar (with a mighty sound, with a great roar)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahānāda

mahānāda - mighty sound, great roar

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+nāda)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
• nāda – sound, roar, cry
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Adverbial accusative, describing how the action is performed.

निर्भिन्दन् (nirbhindan) - splitting, tearing apart (splitting, tearing apart, piercing)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirbhindat

nirbhindat - splitting, tearing apart, piercing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root bhid with upasarga nir.

Prefix: nir

Root: bhid (class 7)

Note: Adverbial participle, showing a simultaneous action.

इव (iva) - as if (like, as if, as, similar to)

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison

मेदिनीम् (medinīm) - the earth (earth, ground)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of medinī

medinī - earth, ground

Note: Object of 'nirbhindan'.

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