वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-87, verse-18

अभ्यतिक्रम्य सौमित्रिं रावणः समितिंजयः ।
आससाद ततो रामं स्थितं शैलमिवाचलम् ॥१८॥

18. abhyatikramya saumitriṃ rāvaṇaḥ samitiṃjayaḥ ,
āsasāda tato rāmaṃ sthitaṃ śailamivācalam.

18. abhyatikramya saumitrim rāvaṇaḥ samitiṃjayaḥ
āsasāda tataḥ rāmam sthitam śailam iva acalam

18. tataḥ samitiṃjayaḥ rāvaṇaḥ saumitrim
abhyatikramya acalam iva sthitam rāmam āsasāda

18. Then, Ravana, the conqueror in battle, having bypassed Lakshmana, approached Rama, who stood firm like an immovable mountain.

Words meanings summery:

• अभ्यतिक्रम्य (abhyatikramya) - having bypassed (Lakshmana) (having passed beyond, having bypassed, having transgressed)

• सौमित्रिम् (saumitrim) - Lakshmana (son of Sumitra)

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Ravana (name of the Rakshasa king)

• समितिंजयः (samitiṁjayaḥ) - conqueror in battle (victorious in battle/assemblies)

• आससाद (āsasāda) - approached, reached

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (indicating sequence) (then, thence, afterwards)

• रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

• स्थितम् (sthitam) - standing firm (standing, situated, firm)

• शैलम् (śailam) - mountain, rock

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• अचलम् (acalam) - immovable (immovable, stable, mountain)

Words meanings and morphology

अभ्यतिक्रम्य (abhyatikramya) - having bypassed (Lakshmana) (having passed beyond, having bypassed, having transgressed)

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Formed with prefix abhi + ati + root kram (to step, go) + suffix -ya (for gerund when prefixed)

Prefixes: abhi+ati

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Gerund/absolutive indicating a completed action before the main verb.

सौमित्रिम् (saumitrim) - Lakshmana (son of Sumitra)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saumitri

saumitri - son of Sumitra, Lakshmana

Patronymic from Sumitrā

Note: Object of the gerund 'abhyatikramya'.

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Ravana (name of the Rakshasa king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Ravana

Note: Subject of the sentence.

समितिंजयः (samitiṁjayaḥ) - conqueror in battle (victorious in battle/assemblies)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samitiṃjaya

samitiṁjaya - conqueror of assemblies, victorious in battle

Compound: samiti (assembly/battle) + jaya (victory/conqueror)

Compound type : aluk-tatpurusha (samiti+jaya)

• samiti – assembly, battle, encounter
  noun (feminine)
• jaya – victory, conqueror
  noun (masculine)
  From root √ji (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Adjective for 'rāvaṇaḥ'.

आससाद (āsasāda) - approached, reached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of √sad

Perfect (Lit)

From root √sad (to sit) with prefix ā (towards, near). reduplication for perfect.

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

ततः (tataḥ) - then (indicating sequence) (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

From tad (that) + -tas suffix

Note: Adverb of time.

रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of the epic hero)

Note: Object of 'āsasāda'.

स्थितम् (sthitam) - standing firm (standing, situated, firm)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, firm, fixed

Past Passive Participle

From root √sthā (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Describes 'rāmam'.

शैलम् (śailam) - mountain, rock

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śaila

śaila - mountain, rock

From śilā (rock) or derived from śaila (mountain)

Note: Part of the simile.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Particle

Note: Particle for comparison.

अचलम् (acalam) - immovable (immovable, stable, mountain)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of acala

acala - immovable, stable; a mountain

Negative prefix 'a' + 'cala' (moving).

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+cala)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle.
• cala – moving, trembling, fickle
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √cal (to move)
  Root: cal (class 1)

Note: Adjective for 'śailam'.